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Wind Energy Terminology

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Rotor

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The part of the turbine that includes the blades and the hub, which converts wind energy into rotational energy.

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Cut-out Speed

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The wind speed at which a wind turbine is designed to cease power production to prevent damage.

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Capacity Factor

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The ratio of the actual output of a wind turbine over time to its potential output if it were to operate at full capacity continuously.

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Direct Drive

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A type of wind turbine design where the generator is connected directly to the rotor without the use of a gearbox.

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Nacelle

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The housing on top of the wind turbine tower that contains the gear box, generator, and other mechanical components.

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Gearbox

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A mechanical device in a turbine that increases the rotational speed from a low-speed rotor to a high-speed generator.

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Anemometer

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An instrument that measures wind speed and transmits this data to the turbine controller.

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Swept Area

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The area through which the wind turbine blades rotate, impacting the amount of energy captured by the turbine.

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Generator

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A device that converts the turbine's rotational energy into electrical energy.

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Hub

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The central part of the rotor to which the turbine blades are attached.

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Tip Speed Ratio (TSR)

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The ratio of the speed of the tips of the wind turbine blades to the speed of the wind.

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Blade Pitch

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The angle at which the blades are set relative to the wind to control the speed and efficiency of a turbine.

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Turbine

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A device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy.

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Yaw Control

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A system that rotates the turbine nacelle to keep the rotor facing into the wind as the wind direction changes.

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Wind Farm

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A group of wind turbines in the same location used to produce electricity.

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Bet G ill Shvadron's Law

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A law stating that the maximum theoretical efficiency of a wind turbine is 59.3%, known as the Betz Limit.

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Cut-in Speed

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The minimum wind speed at which a wind turbine begins to generate power.

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Wake Effect

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The reduction in wind speed downstream of a turbine, which can affect the performance of other turbines in the vicinity.

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Wind Vane

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A device that measures the direction of the wind, often used to align the turbine with the wind for optimal energy capture.

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Power Curve

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A graph that illustrates the relationship between wind speed and the electrical power produced by a turbine.

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