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Ancient Architectural Wonders

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Stonehenge

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Civilization: Neolithic and Bronze Age Britain Important Architectural Features: Circular setting of standing stones, possibly used for astronomical observations, still subject to archaeological debate.

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Machu Picchu

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Civilization: Incan Empire Important Architectural Features: Mountain top city, terraced fields, dry-stone construction without the use of mortar.

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Parthenon

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Civilization: Ancient Greece Important Architectural Features: Dedicated to the goddess Athena, Doric order columns, example of classical Greek temple architecture.

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Hagia Sophia

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Civilization: Byzantine Empire Important Architectural Features: Massive dome on a square base, rich mosaics, served both as a cathedral and a mosque.

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Great Pyramid of Giza

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Civilization: Ancient Egypt Important Architectural Features: Constructed as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu, aligns with cardinal points, made of limestone and granite.

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Angkor Wat

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Civilization: Khmer Empire Important Architectural Features: Largest religious monument in the world, moat and outer wall, extensive bas-relief galleries depicting mythological scenes.

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Colosseum

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Civilization: Ancient Rome Important Architectural Features: Elaborate amphitheatre, could hold up to 50,000 spectators, featured retractable awning (velarium).

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Petra

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Civilization: Nabatean Kingdom Important Architectural Features: Rock-cut architecture, elaborate facades carved directly into the rock face, famous for The Treasury ('Al Khazneh').

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Teotihuacan

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Civilization: Mesoamerican (specific civilization still debated) Important Architectural Features: Home to the Pyramid of the Sun and Moon, laid out on a grid, known for its Avenue of the Dead.

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Terracotta Army

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Civilization: Ancient China Important Architectural Features: Collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China, life-size figures with individualized features.

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