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Ancient Architectural Wonders
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Stonehenge
Civilization: Neolithic and Bronze Age Britain Important Architectural Features: Circular setting of standing stones, possibly used for astronomical observations, still subject to archaeological debate.
Machu Picchu
Civilization: Incan Empire Important Architectural Features: Mountain top city, terraced fields, dry-stone construction without the use of mortar.
Parthenon
Civilization: Ancient Greece Important Architectural Features: Dedicated to the goddess Athena, Doric order columns, example of classical Greek temple architecture.
Hagia Sophia
Civilization: Byzantine Empire Important Architectural Features: Massive dome on a square base, rich mosaics, served both as a cathedral and a mosque.
Great Pyramid of Giza
Civilization: Ancient Egypt Important Architectural Features: Constructed as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu, aligns with cardinal points, made of limestone and granite.
Angkor Wat
Civilization: Khmer Empire Important Architectural Features: Largest religious monument in the world, moat and outer wall, extensive bas-relief galleries depicting mythological scenes.
Colosseum
Civilization: Ancient Rome Important Architectural Features: Elaborate amphitheatre, could hold up to 50,000 spectators, featured retractable awning (velarium).
Petra
Civilization: Nabatean Kingdom Important Architectural Features: Rock-cut architecture, elaborate facades carved directly into the rock face, famous for The Treasury ('Al Khazneh').
Teotihuacan
Civilization: Mesoamerican (specific civilization still debated) Important Architectural Features: Home to the Pyramid of the Sun and Moon, laid out on a grid, known for its Avenue of the Dead.
Terracotta Army
Civilization: Ancient China Important Architectural Features: Collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China, life-size figures with individualized features.
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