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Types of Pottery in Archaeology

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Black-figure pottery

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Originating in Ancient Greece, characterized by black figures painted against the red clay, and details incised to reveal the red surface underneath.

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Terracotta

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An earthenware pottery type, distinct for its orange-red color, used since ancient times for sculpture and pottery, famously seen in Chinese Terracotta Army.

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Jomon Pottery

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One of the earliest pottery styles from Japan, characterized by impressions from cords (Jomon) and a notable absence of symmetry or uniformity.

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Minoan Pottery

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Ancient Cretan pottery noted for its fine ware with intricate, colorful patterns, often depicting sea life or natural themes.

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Red-figure pottery

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The inverse of Black-figure, with red figures and a painted black background, allowing for more detail and complexity in the depiction of figures.

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Majolica

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Tin-glazed pottery that originated in the Mediterranean region, characterized by its brightly colored decoration on a white background.

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Porcelain

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A high-firing fine-grained ceramic that becomes translucent when held to light. Associated with East Asian, particularly Chinese, culture.

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Raku

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A Japanese pottery technique known for its hand-shaped rather than wheel-thrown vessels and the unique firing process involving removal from the kiln while red hot.

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Slipware

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Pottery decorated by applying slip (liquid clay) before firing, often creating patterns and designs. Traditional in many cultures.

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Earthenware

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A common form of pottery often found in archaeological sites. It is porous, usually fired at low temperatures, and has a rough texture.

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Bucchero

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An Etruscan pottery type known for its smooth, glossy black surface achieved through a unique reducing firing process.

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Stoneware

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Non-porous pottery fired at high temperatures. It is known for its sturdiness and dense, stone-like qualities.

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Mayan Pottery

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Mesoamerican pottery known for its range from utilitarian ware to finely decorated ceremonial pieces, often depicting myths and rituals.

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Faience

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A type of non-clay ceramic decorated with colorful opaque glazes that has origins in the Near East and spread to Europe.

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Islamic Pottery

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Diverse forms often featuring geometric and calligraphic designs, with significant innovations including the use of luster and highly decorative tiles.

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