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Key Archaeological Discoveries
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The Great Zimbabwe Ruins
Significance: The largest ancient structure in sub-Saharan Africa; Date of discovery: Europe became aware in the 16th century
Catalhoyuk
Significance: One of the earliest cities in human history; Date of discovery: 1961
The Tomb of Philip II of Macedon
Significance: Provides evidence about the burial practices of the Macedonian dynasty; Date of discovery: 1977
The Staffordshire Hoard
Significance: Largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold and silver ever found; Date of discovery: 2009
Rosetta Stone
Significance: Enabled the translation of Egyptian hieroglyphs; Date of discovery: 1799
Tutankhamun's Tomb
Significance: Gave insight into Egyptian Pharaoh's life and death; Date of discovery: 1922
Machu Picchu
Significance: Exceptional example of Inca architecture; Date of discovery: 1911
Olduvai Gorge
Significance: Site of some of the earliest evidence of human ancestors; Date of discovery: 1959
The Uluburun Shipwreck
Significance: One of the oldest and richest shipwrecks ever discovered; Date of discovery: 1982
Sutton Hoo Ship Burial
Significance: One of the most magnificent Anglo-Saxon burials found; Date of discovery: 1939
Chauvet Cave
Significance: Contains some of the best-preserved figurative cave paintings in the world; Date of discovery: 1994
King Richard III's Remains
Significance: Confirmation of the final resting place of an English King; Date of discovery: 2012
The Terracotta slipper sarcophagus from Cerveteri
Significance: Provided clues to the rituals and funerary practices of the Etruscans; Date of discovery: 1847
The Antikythera Mechanism
Significance: An ancient analog computer used to predict astronomical positions; Date of discovery: 1901
Göbekli Tepe
Significance: Perhaps the world's oldest known temple; Date of discovery: 1994
Dead Sea Scrolls
Significance: Contains some of the oldest manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible; Date of discovery: 1947
Lascaux Cave Paintings
Significance: One of the finest examples of Paleolithic art; Date of discovery: 1940
Herculaneum
Significance: Like Pompeii, preserved by Vesuvius eruption but with better-preserved buildings; Date of discovery: 1709
Terracotta Army
Significance: Provides understanding of the First Emperor of China's burial practices; Date of discovery: 1974
Pompeii
Significance: VI, Pompeii offers detailed insight into Roman life preserved by a volcanic eruption; Date of discovery: 1748
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