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Digital Revolution Key Events
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Invention of the Transistor
The transistor, a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals, was invented in 1947.
Creation of ARPANET
ARPANET, the precursor to the Internet, was commissioned by the U.S. Department of Defense for research use in 1969.
Invention of the Microprocessor
The microprocessor, a compact unit containing a computer's central processing logic, was developed in 1971.
Introduction of the Personal Computer (PC)
The first personal computers, which were intended for individual use, emerged in the early 1970s with devices like the Kenbak-1 and the later Apple II in 1977.
Development of Ethernet
Ethernet, a system for connecting computers within a local area network (LAN), was co-invented by Robert Metcalfe and David Boggs in 1973.
First Cell Phone Call
The first mobile telephone call was made by Martin Cooper, an engineer at Motorola, in 1973 using a handheld device.
Invention of the Apple Macintosh
The Apple Macintosh, known for its graphical user interface, was released in 1984.
Introduction of Windows 1.0
Microsoft released its first version of Windows, a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS, in 1985.
Release of the World Wide Web
Tim Berners-Lee introduced the World Wide Web to the public in 1991, making the Internet widely accessible.
First Smartphone
The IBM Simon, considered the first smartphone, was released in 1994.
Google's Founding
Google, the company that would become a major force in the Internet search engine market, was founded in 1998.
Invention of Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi, a technology for wireless local area networking, was first released for consumer use in 1997.
Release of the iPod
Apple released the first iPod in 2001, changing the way consumers listened to music.
Launch of Facebook
Facebook, a social networking site that would become one of the world's largest, was launched in 2004.
YouTube Goes Live
YouTube, a video-sharing platform, was activated in 2005.
Introduction of the iPhone
Apple introduced the first iPhone, redefining the smartphone industry, in 2007.
Bitcoin White Paper Published
The Bitcoin white paper, titled 'Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System' authored by Satoshi Nakamoto, was published in 2008.
First iPad Released
Apple released the first iPad, a tablet computer that further impacted digital media consumption, in 2010.
Launch of the Tesla Model S
The Tesla Model S, a fully electric luxury sedan featuring advanced software technology, was launched in 2012.
First 3D Printing of a Working Gun
The first known instance of a working gun being 3D printed was in 2013.
Amazon Echo Release
The Amazon Echo, a smart speaker with the voice-controlled assistant Alexa, was released in 2015.
First Image of a Black Hole
The Event Horizon Telescope captured the first-ever image of a black hole in 2019.
Development of CRISPR Gene Editing
CRISPR, a tool for editing genomes with high precision, was first demonstrated to work in human cells in 2013.
SpaceX's First Crewed Flight
SpaceX successfully completed its first crewed flight to the International Space Station with the Crew Dragon Demo-2 mission in 2020.
5G Technology Rollout
The rollout of 5G, the fifth generation of cellular network technology, began in 2019, offering higher speeds and lower latency.
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