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Historical period: Late 19th Century to mid-20th Century. Defining characteristics: A break from traditional forms of art, literature, and social organization. Emphasis on new and experimental techniques regarding time, narrative, and subjectivity.

Historical period: Early to mid-20th Century. Defining characteristics: An artistic attempt to bridge the gap between the dream world and reality. Use of unexpected juxtapositions, and sometimes absurdist elements.

Historical period: Mid-20th Century to the present. Defining characteristics: Eclectic, ironic, a pastiche of different styles and artistic forms. Questions the concept of grand narratives and objective truths.

Historical period: Mid-20th Century. Defining characteristics: A formalist movement in literary theory that emphasizes close reading of the text itself, independent of historical context or authorial intent.

Historical period: 19th Century, primarily after the 1850s. Defining characteristics: Portrayal of everyday life and society as it is, often focusing on middle and lower-class life. Emphasis on complex characters and detailed settings.

Historical period: 20th Century, primarily in Latin America. Defining characteristics: A style where magical elements are a natural part in an otherwise mundane, realistic environment.

Historical period: Late 19th Century. Defining characteristics: Use of symbol to represent ideas and emotions, suggestion rather than precise statements. Poetry often prioritized over prose.

Historical period: Mid-20th Century. Defining characteristics: A methodology holding that elements of human culture must be understood in terms of their relationship to a broader system.

Historical period: Mid-19th Century America. Defining characteristics: A philosophical movement that focused on the goodness of people and nature, emphasizing individual intuition as the highest source of knowledge.

Historical period: Emerged in the 18th Century, gained prominence in the 1960s-70s. Defining characteristics: Challenges the portrayal and treatment of female characters, advocating for women's rights and equality.

Historical period: 1837-1901, coinciding with Queen Victoria's reign. Defining characteristics: Moralistic, idealizing a strong work ethic, proper decorum, and social cohesion. Focus on the struggles and triumphs of the human spirit.

Historical period: Ancient Greece and Rome, 17th-18th Century Europe. Defining characteristics: Emphasis on harmony, restraint, and adherence to recognized standards of form and craftsmanship. Idealized beauty, valorization of reason over emotion, and inspiration from ancient Greek and Roman arts.

Historical period: Mid-18th to early 19th Century. Defining characteristics: Drawing inspiration from the 'classical' art and culture of Ancient Greece and Rome. Emphasized clarity, order, and restraint.

Historical period: 1950s. Defining characteristics: Anti-materialistic counter-culture centered around a rejection of standard narrative values. Explored and influenced by drug use, Eastern philosophy, and sexuality.

Historical period: Post-World War I, 1920s. Defining characteristics: A sense of disillusionment and loss experienced by writers and artists of the era. Often expatriates in Europe.

Historical period: 20th Century, particularly after World War II. Defining characteristics: A philosophical movement focused on individual freedom, choice, and subjective experience.

Historical period: Late 18th Century to the mid-19th Century. Defining characteristics: Emphasis on emotion and individualism, glorification of the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical.

Historical period: Late 19th to early 20th Century. Defining characteristics: Subset of Realism that emphasizes how environment, heredity, and social conditions control human behavior. Often explored the darker aspects of life.

Historical period: 1920s to mid-1930s. Defining characteristics: African American cultural movement, celebrating black life and culture. Expressed through music, literature, and art.