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New Historicism Key Terms

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Michel Foucault

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A French philosopher whose ideas on power, knowledge, and discursive practices influenced New Historicists.

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Discourse

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In New Historicism, language and communication understood as a form of social practice that shapes and is shaped by power dynamics.

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Cultural Poetics

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Another term for New Historicism that highlights the analysis of literature in the context of cultural expressions and power relations.

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Intertextuality

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The New Historicist approach that studies the interconnections between texts and how literature influences and is influenced by other works.

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Louis Montrose

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An influential New Historicist scholar who emphasized the textuality of history and the historicity of texts.

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Contextualism

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A New Historicist practice of interpreting literary works through an examination of the social, political, and cultural contexts in which they were created.

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Genealogy

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A method, adapted by New Historicists from Foucault, that traces the history of discourses and ideas to understand how they have come to be constituted.

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Homi K. Bhabha

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Although primarily postcolonial, Bhabha's concepts of hybridity and the third space have been influential in New Historicist readings of texts.

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Catherine Gallagher

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A noted New Historicist critic who has worked extensively on the literature of the British 18th and 19th centuries.

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Subversion and Containment

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A New Historicist concept that looks at how literary works both challenge and reinforce societal norms and power structures.

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Power Structures

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In New Historicism, the examination of how historical and social power relationships are reflected in literature.

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Historicize

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To place a literary work within its specific historical context for analysis, emphasizing the period's cultural and social dynamics.

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Heteroglossia

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A concept from Mikhail Bakhtin that New Historicists use to describe the multiplicity of voices in a text and its social contexts.

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Poetics of Culture

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An approach within New Historicism that examines the literary texts as part of the articulation of a culture’s self-understanding.

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Cultural Materialism

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A branch of New Historicism that combines political critique with the analysis of historical context, often within a Marxist framework.

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Thick Description

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A term originating in anthropology that New Historicists use to describe a highly detailed account of a cultural practice.

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Simultaneity of Discourse

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A New Historicist principle stating that multiple discourses co-exist at any given moment and influence each other.

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Stephen Greenblatt

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An American literary critic and theorist who is considered the founder of New Historicism.

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New Historicism

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An approach to literary criticism that emphasizes the interaction between a work of literature and the historical context of its creation and reception.

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Distant Reading

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Though not specifically a New Historicist term, it relates to the practice of looking at literature from a broader perspective, often used in conjunction with New Historicist analyses.

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