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Emphasized the aesthetic dimension of faith; stated that beauty is a fundamental part of understanding God, which could be perceived through reason and reflection.

Defined beauty as having proportion, clarity, and integrity; believed beauty and the recognition of beauty could exist without the presence of God.

Articulated a mystical theology where beauty was a central attribute of the divine, influencing later medieval thought on aesthetics.

Believed that the sensory experience of beauty in art could lead to a deeper understanding of the divine order.

Saw beauty as a pathway to God, wherein the material world reflected the splendor of the Creator, integrating Franciscan spirituality with aesthetics.

Emphasized the importance of empirical observation which influenced his views on aesthetics, although his contributions to this field were less direct.

In his Divine Comedy, expresses the beauty of the cosmos and the arts as a reflection of divine love, aligning aesthetic principles with his allegorical representations of afterlife.

Advanced both the understanding of natural sciences and aesthetics, indicating that the observation of nature could lead to appreciation of beauty and divine creative act.

Wrote about the practical techniques of art in the medieval period, providing insight on the philosophical and theological roles of beauty and sacred art.