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The establishment of the Benedictine Rule, emphasis on moderation, obedience, and stability in monastic life.

Integration of Christian theology with Platonic thought, development of doctrines of original sin and just war.

Synthesis of Aristotelian philosophy with Christian theology, contributions to natural theology, and formulation of the Five Ways argument for the existence of God.

Mystical theology and apophaticism, introduction of the celestial hierarchy and ecclesiastical hierarchy.

Advocacy of the Cistercian monastic reform, emphasis on personal piety and devotion to the Virgin Mary.

Contributions to mysticism, emphasis on the interconnectivity of the divine, nature, and humanity.

The convergence of Eastern monastic traditions with Western thought, writings on the 'Eight Vices', guidance in contemplative prayer.

Emphasis on poverty, simplicity, and brotherhood, a nature-centered spirituality, founding of the Franciscan Order.

Advocacy of a mystical path towards God through introspection and the abandonment of all external realities.

Philosophical argument for the existence of God through ontological reasoning, development of satisfaction theory of atonement.

Employed logic and dialectics in theology, author of 'Sic et Non', infamous for his affair with Héloïse.