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Sports First Aid Basics

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Tooth Avulsion

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Find the tooth if possible, rinse root with water if dirty, reinsert tooth into socket, bite down gently on gauze, seek immediate dental care.

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Splinters

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Clean the area, use tweezers to grasp and pull out the splinter at the same angle it entered, clean again and apply a bandage.

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Heatstroke

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Move to a cooler place, remove excess clothing, cool body with wet cloths or a bath, hydrate if conscious, seek emergency medical help immediately.

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CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)

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Ensure safety, call for help, check for responsiveness, open airway, perform 30 chest compressions, give 2 rescue breaths, continue until help arrives.

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Fractures

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Immobilize the area, support the injury, apply ice, elevate if possible, seek professional help, do not attempt to realign.

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Diabetic Emergency (Hypoglycemia)

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Provide a quick sugar source, wait 15 minutes, recheck blood sugar, repeat if necessary, seek medical help if there's no improvement.

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Exertional Sickling

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Stop activity, provide high-flow oxygen if available, hydrate, cool down if overheated, seek immediate medical care.

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Abdominal Injury

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Keep the person still, bend knees to relieve pressure, avoid eating or drinking, monitor for internal injury signs, seek medical help.

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Burns

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Cool the burn under running water, cover with a sterile bandage, do not apply ointments or break blisters, seek medical attention for serious burns.

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Head Injury

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Immobilize head and neck, monitor consciousness, check scalp for wounds, do not move if neck injury suspected, seek immediate medical attention.

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Eye Injuries

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Avoid rubbing the eye, flush with water if there are chemicals, cover both eyes to limit movement, seek medical attention, especially if vision is affected.

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Drowning

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Remove from water if safe, begin rescue breathing, perform CPR if no pulse, prevent hypothermia, call emergency services.

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Choking

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Ask if they can speak, perform Heimlich maneuver if they cannot, continue until object is expelled or emergency services arrive.

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Insect Stings

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Remove stinger by scraping, not tweezing, clean with soap and water, apply ice pack for swelling, monitor for allergic reactions.

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Soft Tissue Injuries

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Rest the injured area, apply ice to reduce swelling, compress with a bandage, elevate above heart level when possible, seek medical attention if severe.

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Spinal Injuries

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Immobilize head and neck, do not move the person unless absolutely necessary, keep them still, call emergency services, monitor breathing and consciousness.

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Dental Fracture

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Locate any tooth fragments, rinse mouth with warm water, apply gauze to any bleeding, use cold compress for pain, save fragments, seek dental care.

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Electrical Injuries

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Turn off the power source, do not touch the person while still in contact with electricity, call for emergency help, begin CPR if needed.

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Shock

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Lay person down and elevate legs, keep them warm and still, do not give food or drink, reassure the person, seek immediate medical attention.

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Ankle Sprain

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Rest the ankle, apply ice to reduce swelling, compress with a bandage, elevate the foot, refer to medical professional if severe.

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Laceration

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Apply direct pressure with a sterile bandage, clean the cut under water, apply an antibacterial ointment, seek stitches for deep lacerations.

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Concussion

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Remove from play, monitor symptoms, seek medical assessment, rest, gradually return to play following medical advice.

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Blisters

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Clean and sterilize the area, puncture with a sterilized needle, gently squeeze fluid, apply antibiotic and cover with bandage.

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Dehydration

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Replace fluids gradually, rest in a cool place, monitor for symptoms of heat-related illnesses, provide water and sports drinks.

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Seizures

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Keep the person safe from injury, clear surrounding area, place on side, time the seizure, do not restrain, call emergency help if needed.

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Dislocation

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Immobilize the joint, support in a comfortable position, apply ice, do not try to force back into place, seek medical assistance.

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Overexertion

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Stop physical activity, rest in a cool area, hydrate with water or an electrolyte drink, gently stretch if cramping occurs, seek medical attention if necessary.

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Muscle Cramps

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Stop activity, gently stretch and massage affected muscle, hydrate with water or electrolyte solutions, rest to avoid recurrence.

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Asthma Attack

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Stay calm, assist in taking prescribed medication (inhaler), encourage slow and deep breaths, sit upright, seek medical attention if no improvement.

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Nosebleed

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Lean forward, pinch the nose, apply ice, maintain pressure for 10 minutes, avoid blowing nose after bleeding stops, seek medical help if bleeding continues.

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Heat Exhaustion

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Move to a cool place, loosen clothing, apply cool wet cloths, provide water or sports drinks, seek medical attention if symptoms worsen.

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Hypothermia

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Move to warm shelter, remove wet clothing, warm up gradually with blankets and warm beverages, avoid direct heat, call for emergency medical help.

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Cut and Scrapes

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Clean the wound with water, apply antibiotic cream, cover with a sterile bandage, change bandage daily, watch for signs of infection.

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Allergic Reactions

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Recognize signs of hives, swelling, difficulty breathing, administer an epinephrine auto-injector if available, call for emergency help.

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