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Weightlifting Terminology

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Deload

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A short period of reduced training intensity or volume intended to allow the body to recover and prepare for future stresses.

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Assistance Exercises

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Exercises that target smaller muscle groups that support the primary muscles used in compound lifts.

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Circuit Training

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A form of body conditioning or resistance training using high-intensity aerobics, targeting strength building and muscular endurance.

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Intensity

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In weightlifting, refers to the amount of weight or resistance used in relation to one's maximum capacity.

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Clean and Jerk

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A compound Olympic weightlifting movement that includes a clean (lifting the barbell to the shoulders) followed by a jerk (lifting the barbell overhead).

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Squat

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An exercise where one performs a kneeling motion while supporting weight on the shoulders or above the head.

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Cool Down

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A series of exercises done after a workout to gradually reduce heart rate and stretch muscles, to assist in recovery.

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Overhead Press

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An exercise where a weight is pressed straight upwards from the shoulders until the arms are locked out overhead.

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Pull-up

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An upper-body strength exercise where you lift your body weight while hanging from a bar with your hands facing away.

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Isolation Exercise

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A strength training exercise designed to target a single muscle group without significant involvement of other muscles.

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Drop Set

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A technique where you perform a set of an exercise until failure, then reduce the weight and continue for more reps until failure is reached again.

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Muscle Confusion

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A theory that regularly changing up a workout routine will lead to increased muscle gains by preventing adaptation.

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Olympic Weightlifting

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A sport where athletes lift weights in two lifts: the snatch and the clean and jerk.

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Spotter

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A person who supports another person during a potentially risky exercise, to prevent injury and assist if necessary.

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Set

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A group of consecutive repetitions of an exercise done without resting.

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Deadlift

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A weightlifting exercise where one lifts a loaded barbell or bar from the ground to the level of the hips and then lowers it back to the ground.

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Snatch

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An Olympic weightlifting movement where the weight is lifted from the floor to overhead in one fluid motion.

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Powerlifting

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A strength sport that consists of three attempts at maximal weight on three lifts: squat, bench press, and deadlift.

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Negatives

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Exercises that focus on the eccentric phase of movement, where the muscle lengthens, such as lowering weights slowly.

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Plyometrics

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Exercises aimed at linking strength with speed of movement to produce power, often including jumping movements.

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Warm-up

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A series of activities and exercises to prepare the muscles and increase the heart rate before a more intense activity or exercise.

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Rest-Pause Training

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A technique designed to push a muscle beyond traditional failure by taking brief rest periods during a set to squeeze out more reps.

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Superset

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Performing two exercises consecutively without any rest in-between.

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Compound Exercise

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An exercise that involves multiple joints and muscle groups to perform the movement.

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Progressive Overload

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A gradual increase of stress placed upon the body during exercise training, key for continued improvement.

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Rep

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Short for 'repetition', it refers to a single complete movement of an exercise.

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Bench Press

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A strength training exercise where the lifter lies on a bench and pushes a weight upwards from their chest.

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1RM

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Stands for One Repetition Maximum, which is the maximum amount of weight one can lift for one rep of an exercise.

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Hypertrophy

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The enlargement of an organ or muscle due to the increased size of its cells, often a goal of weight training.

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DOMS

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Stands for Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, which is muscle pain that begins after you've worked out, usually peaking around 24 to 72 hours afterward.

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