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Weightlifting Terminology
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Drop Set
A technique where you perform a set of an exercise until failure, then reduce the weight and continue for more reps until failure is reached again.
Olympic Weightlifting
A sport where athletes lift weights in two lifts: the snatch and the clean and jerk.
Overhead Press
An exercise where a weight is pressed straight upwards from the shoulders until the arms are locked out overhead.
Powerlifting
A strength sport that consists of three attempts at maximal weight on three lifts: squat, bench press, and deadlift.
Isolation Exercise
A strength training exercise designed to target a single muscle group without significant involvement of other muscles.
Plyometrics
Exercises aimed at linking strength with speed of movement to produce power, often including jumping movements.
Snatch
An Olympic weightlifting movement where the weight is lifted from the floor to overhead in one fluid motion.
Warm-up
A series of activities and exercises to prepare the muscles and increase the heart rate before a more intense activity or exercise.
Circuit Training
A form of body conditioning or resistance training using high-intensity aerobics, targeting strength building and muscular endurance.
Spotter
A person who supports another person during a potentially risky exercise, to prevent injury and assist if necessary.
Cool Down
A series of exercises done after a workout to gradually reduce heart rate and stretch muscles, to assist in recovery.
Bench Press
A strength training exercise where the lifter lies on a bench and pushes a weight upwards from their chest.
Squat
An exercise where one performs a kneeling motion while supporting weight on the shoulders or above the head.
Muscle Confusion
A theory that regularly changing up a workout routine will lead to increased muscle gains by preventing adaptation.
Negatives
Exercises that focus on the eccentric phase of movement, where the muscle lengthens, such as lowering weights slowly.
Deadlift
A weightlifting exercise where one lifts a loaded barbell or bar from the ground to the level of the hips and then lowers it back to the ground.
Clean and Jerk
A compound Olympic weightlifting movement that includes a clean (lifting the barbell to the shoulders) followed by a jerk (lifting the barbell overhead).
Deload
A short period of reduced training intensity or volume intended to allow the body to recover and prepare for future stresses.
Assistance Exercises
Exercises that target smaller muscle groups that support the primary muscles used in compound lifts.
1RM
Stands for One Repetition Maximum, which is the maximum amount of weight one can lift for one rep of an exercise.
Progressive Overload
A gradual increase of stress placed upon the body during exercise training, key for continued improvement.
Set
A group of consecutive repetitions of an exercise done without resting.
Hypertrophy
The enlargement of an organ or muscle due to the increased size of its cells, often a goal of weight training.
Pull-up
An upper-body strength exercise where you lift your body weight while hanging from a bar with your hands facing away.
Rest-Pause Training
A technique designed to push a muscle beyond traditional failure by taking brief rest periods during a set to squeeze out more reps.
Intensity
In weightlifting, refers to the amount of weight or resistance used in relation to one's maximum capacity.
Rep
Short for 'repetition', it refers to a single complete movement of an exercise.
Compound Exercise
An exercise that involves multiple joints and muscle groups to perform the movement.
Superset
Performing two exercises consecutively without any rest in-between.
DOMS
Stands for Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, which is muscle pain that begins after you've worked out, usually peaking around 24 to 72 hours afterward.
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