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Aging and Cognitive Functions
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Processing Speed
Generally, processing speed declines with age, affecting the ability to perform tasks quickly and smoothly.
Attention
Sustained and divided attention abilities can decrease with age, which may lead to difficulties in focusing on tasks or processing simultaneous information.
Memory
Age-related changes are most noticeable in working memory and episodic memory, with short-term recall being more affected than long-term memories.
Executive Function
Complex tasks requiring planning, problem-solving, and decision-making can become more challenging due to age-related decline in executive function.
Language Comprehension
Vocabulary skills often remain stable or even improve, but language comprehension, particularly in complex or fast-paced conversations, may decline.
Perceptual Speed
The ability to quickly and accurately process visual information may decline, impacting tasks such as driving or identifying objects quickly.
Reasoning and Problem Solving
With age, some may experience a decline in the ability to reason logically and solve new problems efficiently.
Visuospatial Skills
Ability to judge distances, understand spatial relationships, and navigate environments can degrade, particularly affecting driving and mobility.
Learning
The capacity to learn new information or skills declines with age, often due to changes in working memory and processing speed.
Inhibitory Control
The ability to ignore irrelevant stimuli and focus on relevant information may weaken with age, leading to potential difficulties in goal-directed behaviors.
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