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Lateralization of brain function refers to certain mental processes being more dominant in one hemisphere than the other. For example, in most people, language is primarily processed in the left hemisphere. This has implications in stroke recovery and localized brain injury.

Left-handed individuals make up about 10% of the population. They often show a less pronounced hemispheric dominance for tasks like language, and may process language in the right hemisphere or in both hemispheres. This can affect learning styles and tool use.

The corpus callosum is a thick band of nerve fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres, allowing for communication between them. Differences in the corpus callosum can affect cerebral dominance and integration of motor and sensory information.

Split-brain research involves studying patients who have had their corpus callosum severed to treat severe epilepsy. These studies have increased understanding of cerebral dominance by showing how separate hemispheres can function independently in cognition and behavior.

Broca's area is involved in speech production, while Wernicke's area is associated with understanding spoken language. Both are typically located in the left hemisphere of right-handed individuals, which is evidence of cerebral dominance in language.