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Endocrine System Interactions

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Hypothalamus

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Regulates the autonomic nervous system and controls pituitary gland secretion.

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Pituitary Gland

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Produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands and influences growth, metabolism, and regeneration.

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Thyroid Gland

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Produces hormones that influence the body's metabolic rate and interacts with the sympathetic nervous system.

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Adrenal Glands

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Release cortisol and adrenaline, which are critical to the fight-or-flight response and stress regulation.

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Pineal Gland

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Secretes melatonin, which regulates circadian rhythms and is affected by light exposure.

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Insulin

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A hormone that regulates blood sugar levels and has effects on brain function, such as memory and cognition.

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Testosterone

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Influences neural circuits that control aggression and sexual behavior, and affects overall mood and energy levels.

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Estrogen

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Modulates brain function, including mood regulation, cognitive function, pain perception, and neuroprotection.

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Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

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Triggers the release of ACTH from the pituitary, initiating the stress hormone response by the adrenal glands.

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Growth Hormone (GH)

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Stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration, and can impact cognitive function and emotional well-being.

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