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The role of synaptic plasticity in brain plasticity and memory is foundational; it pertains to the strengthening or weakening of synapses, which underlies learning and memory consolidation.

Adult neurogenesis, the process of generating new neurons in the adult brain, contributes to brain plasticity by adding new neural pathways and potentially aiding in memory formation and learning.

Neurotrophic factors, such as BDNF, support brain plasticity and memory by promoting neuron survival, growth, and the formation of new synapses.

Environmental enrichment, involving a stimulating environment with social interactions and novel objects, enhances brain plasticity and improves cognitive function, including memory.

Sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation, with specific sleep stages associated with the strengthening of memory traces and synaptic plasticity.

Hebbian learning is a theory of synaptic plasticity that posits neurons which are activated simultaneously form stronger connections, which is fundamental to the process of learning and forming memories.

Chronic stress has a detrimental effect on neurogenesis and is correlated with impairments in brain plasticity and memory, possibly through the elevated levels of glucocorticoids.