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A technique used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders by gradually exposing the patient to the anxiety-producing stimulus in a controlled environment while teaching relaxation techniques.

A type of psychotherapeutic treatment that helps patients understand the thoughts and feelings that influence behaviors. CBT is commonly used to treat a wide range of disorders including phobias, addiction, depression, and anxiety.

A type of behavioral therapy that involves pairing a habit a patient wants to break with an unpleasant stimulus in order to create a negative association with the habit.

A form of behavior modification designed to increase desirable behavior and decrease undesirable behavior with the use of tokens. Individuals receive tokens immediately after displaying desirable behavior and can exchange them for a reward.

A behavioral therapy that involves monitoring and changing behavior by manipulating its consequences. Based on the principle of operant conditioning, it frequently relies on providing reinforcements or punishments after certain behaviors are exhibited.

A technique that involves exposing the patient to the feared object or context without any danger, in order to overcome their anxiety and/or distress. Primarily used to treat phobias and other anxiety disorders.

A form of exposure therapy that involves immediate and intense exposure to the feared stimulus, which is contrary to the gradual approach used in systematic desensitization.

A therapy that focuses on helping individuals engage more often in enjoyable activities and develop or improve coping skills. Its main goal is to increase positive reinforcement from the environment, which can battle depression.

A therapy technique that enables an individual to learn how to change physiological activity for the purposes of improving health and performance. Precise instruments measure bodily functions such as heart rate and muscle tension, and the information is fed back to the person.