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Active listening involves giving full attention to the speaker and showing verbal and nonverbal signs of listening. This technique helps to calm the person in crisis by making them feel heard and understood.

Psychological First Aid is an evidence-informed approach for assisting children, adolescents, adults, and families in the immediate aftermath of a crisis to prevent the occurrence of PTSD. It includes providing a safe environment, listening to people's needs, and connecting them with support.

Cognitive restructuring is a therapeutic process that helps the person to identify, challenge, and alter stress-inducing thought patterns and beliefs. This technique modifies irrational beliefs that contribute to the emotional distress.

Defusing is an immediate post-crisis intervention focused on reducing the intensity of an individual’s distress. It is a short, supportive discussion that occurs within hours of a crisis event, aimed at normalizing the response to the traumatic event.

Debriefing is a structured, group discussion provided soon after a crisis event. Its aim is to mitigate acute symptoms, assess the need for follow-up, and provide a sense of post-crisis closure.

Safety assessment is a technique used to evaluate the immediate safety risks to a person in crisis and those around them. The assessment focuses on identifying any threats of harm to oneself or others and creating a safety plan.

Validation is the recognition and acceptance of another person's thoughts, feelings, sensations, and behaviors as understandable. This technique helps to make the individual feel heard and respected, which can lower distress and defensiveness.

Boundary setting involves helping a person in crisis understand and establish their personal boundaries. This strategy helps to create a sense of safety and can prevent an escalation of the crisis.

Emotional first aid refers to the immediate emotional support and practical help provided after a stressful or traumatic event. This technique involves helping the individual cope with emotional distress before it can evolve into a more acute or chronic condition.