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Neap tides happen when the gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun are perpendicular to each other, resulting in the lowest highs and the highest lows in the tidal range.

Semidiurnal tides are characterized by having two high tides and two low tides each lunar day, nearly equal in height, commonly observed on the Atlantic coast.

A spring tide occurs when the Sun, Moon, and Earth are approximately in line, causing the highest highs and lowest lows due to the combined gravitational forces.

The king tide is a non-scientific term referring to exceptionally high tides that occur when the Earth is closest to the Sun (perihelion), and the Moon is at its closest approach to the Earth (perigee).

A diurnal tide consists of one high tide and one low tide each lunar day, typical in some coastal areas, largely influenced by the configuration of the local basin.