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Anthropological Theorists
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Bronisław Malinowski
Functionalism, participant observation, Trobriand Islanders
Margaret Mead
Cultural anthropology, coming of age in different cultures, gender roles
Claude Lévi-Strauss
Structuralism, kinship and myth, binary oppositions
Edward Burnett Tylor
Cultural evolution, animism, definition of culture
Franz Boas
Cultural relativism, four-field approach of anthropology, critique of scientific racism
Ruth Benedict
Patterns of culture, configurations of culture, the Chrysanthemum and the Sword
Zora Neale Hurston
Cultural anthropology, African-American folklore, ethnographic work
Clifford Geertz
Interpretive anthropology, thick description, symbolic and interpretive approaches in anthropology
Mary Douglas
Social anthropology, Purity and Danger, grid and group theory
Gregory Bateson
Cybernetic theory, systems thinking, ecology of mind
E.E. Evans-Pritchard
Social anthropology, work on Nuer and Azande, witchcraft and magic
Marvin Harris
Cultural materialism, explanation of cultural practices, 'Cows, Pigs, Wars, and Witches'
Victor Turner
Symbolic anthropology, concepts of liminality and communitas, rituals and social change
Levi-Strauss
Structuralism, kinship and myth, binary oppositions
Max Gluckman
Social anthropology, extended case method, ritual and rebellion
Arnold Van Gennep
Rites of passage, life-crisis rituals, the concept of liminality
Alfred Radcliffe-Brown
Structural functionalism, social structure, comparative method in social anthropology
Alfred Kroeber
Cultural areas, superorganic concept of culture, Ishi, the last Yahi Indian
Geertz
Thick description, interpretative anthropology, the Balinese cockfight
Eric Wolf
Peasant societies, political economy in anthropology, 'Europe and the People Without History'
A. R. Radcliffe-Brown
Structural functionalism, biological analogy for society, study of kinship systems
Ann Stoler
Colonial studies, power and intimacy, race and governance
Karl Polanyi
Economic anthropology, the substantivist perspective, 'The Great Transformation'
Ulf Hannerz
Cultural complexity, transnational anthropology, globalization
Nancy Scheper-Hughes
Medical anthropology, critical anthropology, violence and human rights
Maurice Bloch
Cognitive anthropology, ritual and religion, Marxist anthropology
Pierre Bourdieu
Theory of practice, habitus and field, cultural capital
Elman Service
Cultural evolution, social systems theory, 'Primitive Social Organization'
Fredrik Barth
Ethnic groups and boundaries, transactionalism, political anthropology
James Ferguson
Anthropology of development, the 'anti-politics' machine, global connectivity
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