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Ecological Anthropology

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Biocultural Diversity

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Biocultural diversity is the diversity of life in all its manifestations; biological, cultural, and linguistic, which are interrelated within a complex socio-ecological adaptive system. It's significant in conservation efforts that incorporate cultural perspectives.

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Human Ecology

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Human ecology focuses on the interactions between humans and their environment, considering aspects like spatial distribution and resource use. Used for environmental planning and assessing human impact on ecosystems.

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Ethnoecology

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Ethnoecology studies the relationships between particular societies and their natural environments, emphasizing indigenous knowledge systems. It applies to preserving traditional ecological knowledge and sustainable practices.

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Co-evolution

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Co-evolution in ecological anthropology refers to the simultaneous evolution of ecosystems and the cultural adaptations of human societies within them. It highlights the reciprocal relationship between humans and nature, crucial for understanding sustainable development.

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Ecocide

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Ecocide refers to the widespread destruction of ecosystems, often by human activity, to the point that the health and survival of inhabitants of those ecosystems are put at serious risk. This concept drives legislation and movements aimed at preventing environmental harm.

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Political Ecology

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Political ecology examines the relationships between political, economic and social factors with environmental issues and changes. This perspective aids policy analysis and advocacy for socially just environmental practices.

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Adaptive Strategies

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Adaptive strategies are the ways in which humans use culture to survive in a particular environment. These include foraging, horticulture, agriculture, pastoralism, and industrialism. They are examined to promote sustainable living and resilience.

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Cultural Ecology

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Cultural ecology examines how cultural beliefs and practices help human populations adapt to their environments and manage resources. It's applied in understanding traditional resource management and its impact on current environmental issues.

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Historical Ecology

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Historical ecology explores how societies shape and are shaped by their environment over time, emphasizing the cumulative impact of human activity. Applied in conservation to understand the long-term effects of human actions.

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Environmental Determinism

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Environmental determinism suggests that physical environment, climate, and geography shape human behavior and cultural development. It's applicable in studying how environmental constraints influence societal structure and constraints.

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Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK)

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TEK is a body of knowledge built by indigenous peoples through generations of living in close contact with nature. It is applied to modern conservation efforts, recognizing the value of indigenous practices in sustainable resource management.

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Sustainable Development

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Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It's a core concept in ecological anthropology for creating policy that integrates economic growth with environmental stewardship.

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Carrying Capacity

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Carrying capacity refers to the maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water, and other necessities available in the environment. It's crucial for understanding limits to growth and sustainable resource use.

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Ecological Footprint

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The ecological footprint measures how much land and water area a human population requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its waste, given prevailing technology. It is key in sustainability discussions and policies.

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Resilience Theory

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Resilience theory is the study of how humans and ecological systems adapt to external stresses and shocks. It's important for developing strategies that enhance the sustainability and resilience of both communities and ecosystems.

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