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Employee relations involve maintaining positive working relationships between a public agency and its employees. It addresses issues such as conflict resolution, employee rights, and working conditions.

At-will employment is a type of employment where employees can be dismissed by an employer for any reason and without warning, as long as the reason is not illegal. In public administration, it’s less common due to the prevalence of unionization and civil service protections.

A merit system is a system of employment based on qualifications, ability, and performance, rather than political patronage or personal favoritism. In public administration, it ensures that government service is efficient, effective, and ethical.

Performance appraisal is the process of evaluating an employee’s job performance and productivity. In the public sector, it is used to provide feedback, guide employee development, and justify administrative decisions like promotions and awards.

Servant leadership is a philosophy in which the leader’s main goal is to serve others. In the public sector, this type of leadership emphasizes public servants' dedication to the welfare of the people they serve.

Workforce planning is the strategic alignment of an organization's human capital with its business objectives. It ensures that the public sector has the right people in the right place at the right time to deliver public services efficiently.

Public sector ethics pertain to the moral principles that guide the behavior of individuals working in the public administration. They help maintain public trust and ensure decision-making aligns with public interest.

Position classification is a system for categorizing and managing public sector jobs based on their duties, responsibilities, and qualification requirements. It aids in standardizing positions and salaries across similar jobs.

Collective bargaining is the process in which public sector unions negotiate with governmental entities on behalf of employees to determine the terms of employment, such as wages, working hours, and working conditions.

Training and development refer to the continuous effort of improving an employee's skills and knowledge within the public sector to increase job performance and achieve organizational goals more effectively.

Diversity management is the strategic approach to recruiting, retaining, and promoting a diverse workforce within the public sector, which enhances varied perspectives and reflects the population served.