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Vision and Mission Statements are fundamental components of an organization's strategic plan. The vision statement outlines what the organization wants to become in the future, while the mission statement defines the organization's purpose and primary objectives. In public administration, these statements provide a foundational framework that guides strategic decisions, policy formulation, and service delivery to ensure alignment with the overarching goals of the public entity.

Strategic Alignment involves ensuring that an organization's structure, resources, and processes support the implementation of its strategy. In the realm of public administration, strategic alignment is key to guaranteeing that daily operations within public organizations contribute to the achievement of strategic goals and policy objectives, and that there is congruence between different levels of government actions.

Program Evaluation is the systematic method for collecting, analyzing, and using information to answer questions about projects, policies, and programs, particularly about their effectiveness and efficiency. In public administration, it is crucial for strategy as it provides evidence on which to base policy decisions, allowing for continual reassessment and refinement of government programs to better serve the public interest.

Stakeholder Engagement refers to the process of involving those with an interest in a decision in the decision-making process, identifying their values and interests, and communicating effectively with them. In the context of public administration, active stakeholder engagement helps to ensure that policies and strategic initiatives are reflective of, and responsive to, the needs and preferences of citizens and other interest groups, thereby improving policy outcomes and legitimacy.

The Balanced Scorecard is a strategic planning and management system that organizations use to communicate what they are trying to accomplish, align day-to-day work with strategy, prioritize projects, products, and services, and measure and monitor progress towards strategic targets. In public administration, it helps to ensure that the various functions and initiatives are aligned with the governmental unit's overall vision and strategy and that performance is evaluated across multiple perspectives.

PESTLE Analysis is a tool used to understand and monitor the macro-environmental factors that may impact an organization. It stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental factors. In public administration, PESTLE Analysis is useful for strategic planning by helping policymakers understand the broader context in which a government or public-sector organization operates.

SWOT Analysis stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. It is a strategic planning tool used to identify and analyze the internal and external factors that can affect an organization's ability to achieve its objectives. In public administration, it is applied to evaluate the performance of departments, identify areas of improvement, and develop strategies that leverage strengths and opportunities while addressing weaknesses and threats.

Public Value refers to the value that an organization contributes to society. In strategic planning for public administration, it involves prioritizing the interests and needs of the citizens and assessing how public services enhance their wellbeing and societal good. Striving for public value ensures that strategic initiatives and policy decisions are aligned with societal objectives and beneficial outcomes for the community.

Theory of Change is a comprehensive description and illustration of how and why a desired change is expected to happen in a particular context. It articulates the assumptions, strategies, and expected linkages that lead to long-term goals. In public administration, it is used to plan and measure the social impact of programs and to ensure that the strategic planning process is informed by a clear, evidence-based understanding of how change will occur within the community or public sphere.