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Lactogenesis is the process that initiates milk secretion. It is important for providing nutrition to the newborn.

Colostrum is the first form of milk produced immediately following delivery. It's rich in antibodies and essential nutrients vital for the newborn's immune system.

Prolactin is a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates milk production. It plays a key regulatory role in lactation.

Oxytocin is a hormone released from the posterior pituitary gland that causes the milk ejection reflex (let-down). It's crucial for milk delivery to the offspring.

The mammary gland is an exocrine gland in mammals that produces milk to feed young ones. It's a key reproductive feature supporting offspring growth and survival.

Lactose synthase is an enzyme involved in the synthesis of lactose, the main sugar in milk. It's essential for providing energy to the nursing infant.

The milk ejection reflex is a neurohormonal reflex that expels milk from the alveoli into the ducts. It's important for distributing milk when the infant suckles.

Alveoli are the small milk-producing sacs within the mammary gland. They're critical for milk production and storage prior to feeding.

Caseins are a family of phosphoproteins that are the main proteins in milk and cheese. They provide essential amino acids and stabilize calcium phosphate in the milk.

Myoepithelial cells are contractile cells that surround the alveoli and ducts of the mammary gland. They contract under the influence of oxytocin to aid milk ejection.

Galactopoiesis is the maintenance phase of lactation where the established milk production is sustained. This phase is crucial for ensuring a consistent milk supply to the infant.