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SCM stands for Supply Chain Management, which is the oversight of materials, information, and finances as they move from supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer to consumer. In e-commerce, SCM is crucial for ensuring timely delivery and maintaining customer satisfaction.

Dropshipping is a retail fulfillment method where a store doesn't keep the products it sells in stock. Instead, when a store sells a product using the dropshipping model, it purchases the item from a third party and has it shipped directly to the customer. This is important in e-commerce as it reduces risk and investment while offering a wide range of products without the need for large inventory holdings.

Inventory Management refers to the process of ordering, storing, using, and selling a company's inventory. This includes the management of raw materials, components, and finished products. In e-commerce, effective inventory management can help ensure the right level of stock is maintained to meet customer demand without excessive capital being tied up.

Order Fulfillment is the process of receiving, processing, and delivering orders to end customers. This is a core part of e-commerce operations as efficient and accurate fulfillment leads to satisfied customers and repeat business.

Supply Chain Optimization involves continuously improving and enhancing the supply chain from end to end to drive efficiencies and reduce costs. For e-commerce, it is important because it can increase competitiveness through improved customer service, lower operational costs, and increased agility.

Last Mile Delivery is the final step of the delivery process – the point at which the parcel is delivered to the customer's doorstep. It's a critical phase in the e-commerce supply chain due to its direct impact on customer satisfaction and the relatively high costs associated.

Reverse Logistics is the process of moving goods from their final destination for the purpose of capturing value, or proper disposal. It is an important aspect of e-commerce due to the higher rates of returns and the need for efficient handling of the return processes to maintain customer satisfaction and minimize losses.

Omnichannel Fulfillment is a multi-channel approach to sales that seeks to provide the customer with a seamless shopping experience, whether shopping online from a mobile device, a laptop, or in a brick-and-mortar store. In e-commerce, this system integrates inventory and distribution to ensure consistency across all channels.

Demand Forecasting involves predicting the future demand for a company's products to ensure they can meet customer needs without overproducing. Accurate demand forecasting is crucial in e-commerce for efficient supply chain operation, as it reduces holding costs and stockouts.

Cross-docking is a logistics procedure where products from a supplier or manufacturing plant are distributed directly to a customer or retail chain with marginal to no handling or storage time. It reduces inventory holding costs for e-commerce businesses and can speed up the delivery process.

3PL refers to third-party logistics, a provider that offers outsourced logistics services to companies for part or all of their supply chain management functions. In e-commerce, using 3PL can improve business flexibility, reduce capital expenditure, and allow companies to focus on their core competencies.