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Public Broadcasting Essentials
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Public Broadcasting
A form of media where TV, radio, and other digital platforms are financed by public funds and often emphasize educational and cultural content. Examples include the BBC in the UK, NPR in the USA, and CBC/Radio-Canada.
Underwriting
A form of sponsorship in public broadcasting where donors, often corporations, contribute funds in exchange for acknowledgement. It's different from traditional commercials and is often seen or heard in programs on stations like NPR.
Pledge Drive
Fundraising events where public broadcasting entities urge listeners or viewers to donate money. NPR and PBS stations regularly conduct pledge drives.
License Fee
A mandatory payment required for the reception of television broadcasts. The BBC in the UK is predominantly funded through a television license fee.
CPB (Corporation for Public Broadcasting)
A private, non-profit corporation created by Congress to support public broadcasting in the United States. It helps fund PBS and NPR.
PBS (Public Broadcasting Service)
A non-profit American public broadcaster and television program distributor. It's known for educational programming like 'Sesame Street' and 'NOVA'.
NPR (National Public Radio)
An American media organization that serves as a national syndicator to a network of public radio stations. Famous for shows like 'Morning Edition' and 'All Things Considered'.
Educational Television
Programming intended to teach the audience, especially children. PBS Kids offers various educational television programs like 'Arthur' and 'Wild Kratts'.
Non-commercial Broadcasting
Broadcasting that does not contain commercial advertising. Public broadcasting entities like CBC/Radio-Canada focus on this format.
Simulcast
Broadcasting the same program on multiple transmitters or even different types of media, like radio and television, at the same time. Public radio networks sometimes simulcast events of national importance.
Community Radio
A radio service that offers a third model of radio broadcasting beyond commercial and public broadcasting. Stations are accessible by the community and serve community interests. Examples include KCSC in Chico, California, and CKUT in Montreal, Canada.
Spectrum Auction
The process by which the government auctions off frequencies for broadcasting to the highest bidder. Public broadcasting entities have to consider the impacts of spectrum auctions on their operations.
Educational Broadcasting Corporation (EBC)
An organization that was involved in educational and public media, particularly television, before its dissolution. EBC was associated with Channel Thirteen/WNET in New York.
Listener-Supported Radio
A radio station model where the funding comes primarily from the listeners in the form of donations and memberships, rather than commercial advertising. An example is listener-supported radio station KEXP in Seattle.
Public Access Television
Local cable TV channels that offer programming content created by the community and are often non-commercial. They are available to the general public on local cable systems.
Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB)
A digital radio standard for broadcasting digital audio radio services. It is used in many countries especially across Europe. BBC, DR (Denmark), and SR (Sweden) provide DAB services.
Government Grants
Financial contributions provided by government bodies to support public broadcasting stations. In the United States, CPB receives federal funding that is then distributed to PBS and NPR.
Teletext
An information retrieval service offered by television broadcasters. It provides viewers with a range of text-based information, usually accessible via their television remote controls. The BBC's Ceefax was one of the longest-running teletext services.
Community Media
Media that is created, produced, and accessed by a particular community. It operates on a non-profit model and emphasises engagement and participation. An example is Manhattan Neighborhood Network in New York City.
Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting (DTTB)
The broadcasting of television in digital format over the terrestrial airwaves. This is in contrast to cable or satellite television broadcasting. DTTB systems are used in Europe and elsewhere.
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