Explore tens of thousands of sets crafted by our community.
Microcontroller Basics
34
Flashcards
0/34
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
A communication protocol used for short-distance communication, mainly in embedded systems.
Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)
A microcontroller peripheral that converts digital values to analog signals.
Input/Output (I/O) Ports
Interfaces through which the microcontroller connects to other peripherals for data exchange.
Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C)
A multi-master, multi-slave, packet-switched, single-ended, serial communication bus.
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
A microcontroller peripheral that converts analog signals to digital values.
Peripheral
A device or unit that is connected to the microcontroller to enhance its capabilities or performance.
Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)
An integrated circuit that can be configured by a customer or a designer after manufacturing.
Bit
The most basic unit of data in computing and digital communications, which can have a value of 0 or 1.
Power-on Reset (POR)
A microcontroller feature that resets the system to a known state upon powering on.
Instruction Set
A set of commands that a microcontroller's CPU is designed to execute.
General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO)
Digital pins on a microcontroller that can be programmed as input or output to interface with other devices.
Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)
An operating system intended to serve real-time application requests within a specified timing constraint.
Flash Programming
The process of uploading the microcontroller's code into its non-volatile flash memory.
Harvard Architecture
A microcontroller architecture where the program code and data are stored in separate memory blocks.
Register
A small amount of storage located on the CPU used to quickly access the most frequently used data or instructions.
Bootloader
A small program that loads the main software or operating system on the microcontroller.
System on a Chip (SoC)
An integrated circuit that integrates all components of a computer or other electronic system into a single chip.
Direct Memory Access (DMA)
A feature that allows certain subsystems within the microcontroller to access system memory independently of the CPU.
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
A technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal by varying the width of pulses.
Oscillator
A circuit that generates a constant clock signal to synchronize the microcontroller's operations.
Timers/Counters
Microcontroller components used for time-related functions, such as generating delays or counting events.
Watchdog Timer
A hardware timer that resets the system to avoid a crash when software becomes unresponsive.
Interrupt
A signal that pauses the CPU's current activities to execute a function, allowing for real-time processing.
Von Neumann Architecture
A microcontroller architecture where program instructions and data share the same memory space.
Brown-out Reset (BOR)
A reset that occurs when the microcontroller's supply voltage falls below a certain threshold.
Memory-mapped I/O
A method where peripheral devices are accessed using regular memory addresses, as if they were part of the main memory.
Read-Only Memory (ROM)
Non-volatile memory where the microcontroller's firmware is often stored.
Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
A software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The brain of the microcontroller which performs arithmetic and logic operations.
Flash Memory
A type of non-volatile memory used in microcontrollers for program storage that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.
Embedded System
A dedicated system with a combination of hardware and software designed to perform a specific task.
Microcontroller (MCU)
A compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific operation in an embedded system.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Volatile memory used by the microcontroller for temporary data storage during operation.
Clock Speed
The speed at which a microcontroller processes instructions, often measured in MHz or GHz.
© Hypatia.Tech. 2024 All rights reserved.
