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Vessel Mooring Techniques
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Single-point mooring (SPM)
A mooring system which allows a vessel to rotate freely with wind and current changes, commonly used for large tankers during the transfer of cargo.
Mediterranean mooring
Involves anchoring stern or bow to the pier while the vessel's stern or bow faces the sea, often used when space is limited.
Baltic mooring
Similar to Mediterranean mooring but includes securing the vessel sideways by using forward and aft spring lines, frequently used in regions with limited pier space in Northern Europe.
Dynamic positioning
A computer-controlled system to automatically maintain a vessel's position and heading by using its own propellers and thrusters, used in deep-water anchoring where traditional methods are not feasible.
Conventional mooring
A method where a vessel is secured at two or more points along the port or starboard side to a fixed structure like a pier or quay, most commonly used for cargo and passenger ships.
Tandem mooring
A system where one vessel is moored behind another, often used in the transfer of cargo between ships at sea, especially in oil industry.
Breast mooring
The vessel is positioned parallel to the pier and secured using breast lines, most effective for quick loading and unloading operations.
Running mooring
This technique involves moving the vessel along the dockside during cargo operations, applied where there are space constraints along a wharf.
Anchor mooring
The vessel is anchored with one or more anchors and also tied to the shore, usually used when docking facilities are not available.
Spring mooring
A mooring arrangement using lines (springs) at an angle to secure the vessel to a dock, limiting vessel movement and aiding in berthing and departure.
Multiple-point mooring
A system using multiple mooring points that can include a combination of anchors and mooring buoys, often used for floating production systems in offshore environments.
Stern-to mooring
The vessel is moored with its stern facing the pier, enabling the bow to face open water which is ideal for vessels requiring quick maneuverability upon departure.
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