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Fracture Mechanics
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Griffith's Criterion
A theory of brittle fracture which states that a crack will grow if the energy released by crack growth exceeds the energy required to create new surfaces.
J-Integral
A contour integral used to characterize the non-linear elastic stress field near the tip of a crack and is related to the energy release rate during crack propagation.
Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM)
A theory which assumes that the material is linear-elastic and that plastic deformation at the crack tip is small compared to the size of the crack and body.
Fracture Toughness
A property that describes a material's resistance to fracture when a crack is present. It determines the ability of a material with a crack to withstand an applied load without fracturing.
Stress Intensity Factor
A measure of the stress concentration at the tip of a crack. It helps in predicting the rate at which a crack will grow.
Paris's Law
An empirical relationship that describes the rate of fatigue crack growth per cycle as a function of the range of the stress intensity factor.
Fatigue Crack Growth
The progressive and localized structural damage that occurs when a material is subjected to cyclic loading below its ultimate tensile strength.
Mixed Mode Fracture
Occurs when a crack experiences simultaneously different modes of loading such as tensile (mode I), in-plane shear (mode II), and out-of-plane shear (mode III).
Ductile to Brittle Transition Temperature (DBTT)
The temperature below which a ductile material becomes brittle when subjected to an impact load.
Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics (EPFM)
A field of fracture mechanics that extends traditional linear elastic models to include significant plastic deformation at the crack tip.
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