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Stress level at which a material can survive a specified number of cycles before failing - Critical for designing durable components subjected to fluctuating stresses.

A graph representing the relationship between cyclic stress (S) and the number of cycles to failure (N) - Essential for understanding the fatigue behavior of materials.

The phase in the fatigue process where microscopic cracks begin to form, often due to stress concentrations - Understanding it helps in improving fatigue life through design modifications.

The phase in the fatigue process where existing cracks grow due to the cyclic loading - Monitoring and controlling it is key to preventing catastrophic failure.

An empirical equation describing the rate of fatigue crack growth rate, given as $da/dN = C(\Delta K)^m$ - It helps predict the life expectancy of a cracked part under cyclic loading.

Lines on the surface of a fractographic fatigue specimen that indicate the position of the crack front at various instances - Useful for understanding the crack growth history.

A type of fatigue that occurs under relatively low loads but high numbers of cycles, typically above 10^4 cycles - Important for designing elements subjected to large numbers of cycles.

A type of fatigue occurring under high loads and low number of cycles, typically below 10^4 cycles - Relevant to components that encounter large stresses for a short duration.

Fatigue failure resulting from cyclic thermal stresses due to fluctuating temperatures - Essential for materials selection in components subjected to thermal cycling.