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Used in glassmaking, electronics (as a silicon semiconductor), and optics.

Primarily used for road de-icing and as table salt, also in food preservation and seasoning.

A source of rare earth elements, used in manufacturing electronics, in alloys, and as a minor source of thorium.

Used as a copper ore and historically as a pigment; nowadays primarily a collector's mineral.

Used as an abrasive, and as a gemstone in its transparent colored forms (ruby and sapphire).

Used as a source of magnesium oxide, in steelmaking as a flux, and for acid neutralization.

Used in the production of plaster, wallboard, and cement, and as a fertilizer.

The primary ore of lead, used in the production of lead-acid batteries, bullets, and as a radiation shield.

Used as a pigment in yellow, brown, and ochre paints, and as a minor ore of iron.

Used in the manufacture of hydrofluoric acid, as a flux in steel production, and in the production of fluoropolymer plastics.

The primary ore of mercury, used in thermometers, barometers, and electrical equipment; also a historic pigment.

Used as an insulator in electrical equipment, in cosmetics for shimmer, and as a heat shield in space vehicles.

Source of niobium and tantalum, used in high-strength steel alloys and for capacitors in electronic devices like mobile phones.

Used as a copper ore, in jewelry, and historically, as a pigment.

A primary ore of iron, used in steel manufacturing, and as a pigment (red ochre).

Used as an abrasive in sandpaper, in waterjet cutting, and as a gemstone.

Used as an ore of iron and as a mineral specimen.

Used as a drying agent in plaster, paint, and varnish, and as a soil treatment agent.

One of the main sources of titanium, used in the paint industry and in high-strength-low-alloy steels.

Previously used for fireproofing, insulation, brake linings, and roofing materials, now banned in many countries due to health hazards.

The primary ore of uranium, used for nuclear fuel and in nuclear weapons.

Used in catalytic converters, jewelry, laboratory equipment, and electrical contacts.

Used in lubricants, as the 'lead' in pencils, as a moderator in nuclear reactors, and for electrodes in batteries.

The main source of titanium, used in paints, plastics, paper, foods, and cosmetics.

Once used as a source of sulfur and sulfuric acid, now primarily as a mineral specimen.

A major source of copper, used in electrical wires, pipes, and coins.

The primary ore of tungsten, used in metalworking, construction and electrical machinery and equipment.

The main source of aluminum, used in the production of automobile parts, airplanes, and packaging materials.

An ore of copper that tarnishes to a unique purple color, used as a minor ore of copper and as a mineral specimen.

Used in ceramics, as a gemstone, and kyanite's high heat resistance makes it suitable for use in refractory products.

The main ore of manganese, used in manufacturing of steel alloys and battery cells.

Used in the manufacture of ceramics, as a filler in paints, plastics, and rubber, and in the production of glass.

Used in foundries, refractories, ceramics, and as a diamond substitute and gemstone.

An ore of tungsten, which is used in steel alloys for hardness.

Historically used for insulation, fireproofing, and textiles; now banned in many places due to health risks.

Used in refractory bricks and forsterite is used in glass and ceramic production.

Used in the manufacture of cement, as a flux in steel production, and for soil stabilization.

An important source of iron ore, used in steel production and as a pigment in black paints.

Used as a filler in ceramics, paint, paper, roofing materials, plastics, and rubber; in cosmetics as a body powder.

An ore of lithium used in the manufacturing of lithium batteries, ceramics, and glass.

Used as a source of phosphorus for fertilizers, in biological systems (teeth and bones), and as a gemstone.

Used in drilling muds for oil and gas wells, as a white pigment, and as a filler in textiles and rubber.

The primary ore of tin, used in the production of tin cans, in solder, and in bronze and pewter.