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Historical Climate Change Periods
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Eemian Interglacial
Climate Characteristics: Warmer than present, with high sea levels due to melting ice sheets. Significant Events: Human ancestors continued to evolve, spread into new regions.
Younger Dryas
Climate Characteristics: Abrupt return to glacial conditions after an intervening warm period. Significant Events: Major shifts in vegetation and displacement of animal populations.
Holocene Climatic Optimum
Climate Characteristics: Warmer and more stable climate compared to today. Significant Events: Expansion of human agriculture, forestation in the Northern Hemisphere.
Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)
Climate Characteristics: Very cold global temperatures, large ice sheets covering parts of North America, Europe, and Asia. Significant Events: Peak of the last Ice Age, formation of glacial landforms.
Pliocene Warm Period
Climate Characteristics: Warmer global temperatures with reduced polar ice caps. Significant Events: Hominins started to appear, the formation of the Isthmus of Panama.
Miocene Climatic Optimum
Climate Characteristics: A warm period with relatively high global temperatures and significant biodiversity. Significant Events: Expansion of grasslands, evolution and radiation of many species.
Little Ice Age
Climate Characteristics: Cooler temperatures worldwide, advancing mountain glaciers. Significant Events: Impacted agriculture, lead to famine and social unrest in some regions.
Medieval Warm Period
Climate Characteristics: Warm climate leading to beneficial growing seasons in some areas. Significant Events: Allowed Norse exploration and settlement in Greenland and Newfoundland.
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