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Major Climate Events

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1987

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Signing of the Montreal Protocol: International treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances responsible for ozone depletion.

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Industrial Revolution (1760-1840)

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Increase in the use of fossil fuels had a significant impact on the composition of the atmosphere, leading to an increase in carbon dioxide levels and subsequent global warming.

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1991

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Eruption of Mt. Pinatubo: Its eruption lead to a sizable release of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, causing global temperatures to drop by about 0.5°C for a year.

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Last Glacial Maximum (approx. 26,500 years ago)

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The peak of the last Ice Age, with large ice sheets covering much of the Northern Hemisphere, reflecting sunlight and keeping the planet cooler.

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Holocene Climatic Optimum (approx. 9,000 - 5,000 years ago)

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A period with higher than average global temperatures and relatively stable climate, leading to prosperous development of early human civilizations.

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1883

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Eruption of Krakatoa: Released large quantities of ash and sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere, leading to global cooling and vivid sunsets for several years.

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2015-2016

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Paris Agreement signed: To address climate change and its negative impacts, 196 Parties adopted the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to well below 2°C.

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Mid-20th Century (1940s-1970s)

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A period of global cooling due to increased industrial activity leading to aerosol emissions, which reflect sunlight.

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