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Climate Change Legislation

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Renewable Energy Directive (European Union)

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The legal framework for the development of renewable energy across the European Union. Its aim is to increase the share of renewable energy in the EU's total energy consumption to 20% by 2020 and at least 32% by 2030.

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Cancun Agreements

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Outcomes from the United Nations Climate Change Conference held in Cancun in 2010. They include agreements by countries to commit to large-scale emissions cuts and to take transparent steps to tackle climate change, both individually and collectively.

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Clean Power Plan (United States)

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A policy aimed at combating global warming that was first proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in June 2014. The final version of the plan was unveiled by President Obama in August 2015. The plan is focused on reducing carbon dioxide emissions from power plants.

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Global Methane Initiative

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An international initiative that aims to reduce global methane emissions to fight climate change and to improve air quality. It brings together governments, non-governmental organizations, and private-sector entities to advance methane recovery and use as a clean energy source.

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Paris Agreement

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An agreement within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), dealing with greenhouse-gas-emissions mitigation, adaptation, and finance, starting in the year 2020. The goal is to limit global warming to well below 2, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.

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Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (United States)

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A legislative package enacted to improve vehicle fuel economy and reduce U.S. dependence on petroleum. The act aims to increase the production of clean renewable fuels and establish an Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy.

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The Climate, Community, and Biodiversity Standards (CCB Standards)

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A project design standard that helps land management projects to deliver net positive benefits for climate change mitigation, for local communities and for biodiversity.

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Energy Tax Act (United States)

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A law intended to promote energy conservation and the development of renewable energy sources through tax-related incentives. It includes tax credits for investments in energy-efficient products and renewable energy technologies.

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20-20-20 Targets (European Union)

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A set of binding legislation within the European Union to ensure it becomes a more climate-friendly economy. It sets three key targets: a 20% reduction in EU greenhouse gas emissions from 1990 levels; raising the share of EU energy consumption produced from renewable resources to 20%; a 20% improvement in the EU's energy efficiency.

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Kyoto Protocol

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An international treaty which extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, based on the premise that (a) global warming exists and (b) human-made CO2 emissions have caused it.

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American Clean Energy and Security Act

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A bill passed by the US House of Representatives in 2009 that aimed to establish a cap and trade system on greenhouse gas emissions. While the bill passed in the House, it was never passed by the Senate.

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Stockholm Convention

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An international environmental treaty designed to eliminate or restrict the production and use of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which are chemicals that remain intact in the environment for long periods, become widely distributed geographically, and accumulate in the fatty tissue of living organisms.

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Green New Deal

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A proposed package of United States legislation that aims to address climate change and economic inequality. Its main goal is to address the issues of climate change by proposing a series of projects that would transition the U.S. economy away from fossil fuels toward green energy.

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California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (AB 32)

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State legislation that was passed to create a comprehensive, multi-year program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in California, with a goal of reducing emissions to 1990 levels by 2020.

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Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI)

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The first mandatory market-based program in the United States to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A group of Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic states cap and reduce CO2 emissions from the power sector.

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Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol

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A package of decisions that facilitated a second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, which ran from January 2013 until December 2020. It set new greenhouse gas reduction targets and included amendments to the original protocol.

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The Plastic Waste Management Rules (India)

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Introduced in 2016 to replace the earlier Plastic Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, these rules have a more stringent approach towards managing plastic waste and include aspects like the increased minimum thickness of plastic carry bags and the setup of plastic waste management systems.

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Germany's Renewable Energy Act (Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz, EEG)

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Legislation designed to encourage the development of renewable energy in Germany. It guarantees grid access for renewable energy and sets feed-in tariffs to ensure that producers of renewable energy receive a fixed price for the energy they generate.

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Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)

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A regulatory mandate to increase production of energy from renewable sources such as wind, solar, biomass, and other alternatives to fossil and nuclear electric generation. It often requires that a certain percentage of a utility's energy generation comes from renewable resources by a certain date.

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Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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A collection of 17 interlinked global goals designed to be a 'blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all'. SDG 13 specifically calls for urgent actions to combat climate change and its impacts.

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Clean Air Act (United States)

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A federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level. It requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop and enforce regulations to protect the public from airborne contaminants known to be hazardous to human health.

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Climate Change Act 2008 (United Kingdom)

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The first legally binding climate change mitigation target set by any country. It aims to reduce the UK's greenhouse gas emissions by at least 80% of 1990 levels by 2050.

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Carbon Pricing

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A climate policy approach that charges individuals and businesses for their greenhouse gas emissions. The two main types are a carbon tax and a cap-and-trade system.

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