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Wildlife Conservation Acts

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Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973

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Protects species threatened with extinction and their habitats, and provides a program for their conservation.

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The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)

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A land conservation program authorized by the Farm Bill to help agricultural landowners safeguard environmentally sensitive land.

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Antiquities Act of 1906

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Authorizes the President to proclaim national monuments on federal lands that contain historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, or other objects of historic or scientific interest.

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Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1956

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Provides the basic authority for the involvement of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in evaluating impacts to fish and wildlife from proposed water resource development projects.

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Multinational Species Conservation Funds (MSCF)

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A series of acts that provide funding for the conservation of several international endangered species: tigers, rhinos, elephants, marine turtles, and great apes.

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National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966

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Provides guidelines and directives for administration and management of the National Wildlife Refuge System.

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Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) of 1972

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Prohibits the taking of marine mammals in U.S. waters and by U.S. citizens on the high seas, and of importing marine mammals and marine mammal products into the U.S.

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Lacey Act of 1900

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Prohibits trade in wildlife, fish, and plants that have been illegally taken, possessed, transported, or sold.

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African Elephant Conservation Act of 1988

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Provides financial resources and unique measures to assist the conservation programs of African countries where African elephants are found.

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Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) of 1918

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Implements various treaties that protect migratory birds between the United States and Canada, Japan, Russia, and Mexico.

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Wild and Scenic Rivers Act of 1968

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Preserves certain rivers with outstanding natural, cultural, and recreational values in a free-flowing condition for the enjoyment of present and future generations.

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National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969

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Promotes the enhancement of the environment and established the Presidential Council on Environmental Quality.

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Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940

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Prohibits anyone, without a permit issued by the Secretary of the Interior, from taking bald or golden eagles, including their parts, nests, or eggs.

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Pittman-Robertson Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act of 1937

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Provides funding for the selection, restoration, and improvement of wildlife habitat, and for wildlife management research.

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North American Wetlands Conservation Act (NAWCA) of 1989

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Provides matching grants to wetlands conservation projects in the United States, Canada, and Mexico for the benefit of North American waterfowl and other migratory birds.

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Rhinoceros and Tiger Conservation Act of 1994

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Aims to assist in the conservation of rhinos and tigers in the wild by supporting the conservation programs of nations whose activities directly or indirectly affect these species.

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Wilderness Act of 1964

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Established the National Wilderness Preservation System and recognized wilderness areas as 'an area where the earth and its community of life are untrammeled by man, where man himself is a visitor who does not remain.'

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Clean Water Act (CWA) of 1972

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The primary federal law in the United States governing water pollution, aimed at restoring and maintaining the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters.

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Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act of 2000

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Supports the conservation of neotropical migratory birds by promoting partnerships and providing financial resources for bird habitat conservation.

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National Park Service Organic Act of 1916

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Established the National Park Service and provided for the management of the national parks and monuments to conserve the scenery, natural and historic objects, and wildlife therein.

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