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Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
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FIFRA Origin
Originally passed in 1947, FIFRA provides federal control of pesticide distribution, sale, and use. EPA, USDA, and various state agencies collaborate to ensure pesticides are used safely.
Registration Requirement
All pesticides must be registered with the EPA before sale or distribution. The EPA assesses the potential human health and environmental effects of the pesticide.
Prohibited Acts under FIFRA
The Act defines prohibited actions such as distributing or selling unregistered or misbranded pesticides, and falsifying registration information.
Pesticide Registration Process
Manufacturers must submit scientific data about safety and efficacy. EPA reviews the information to determine if the pesticide will perform its intended function without causing unreasonable risks.
Labeling Requirements
Pesticide labels must include directions for use, safety precautions, and storage and disposal instructions to ensure proper handling and minimize risks.
Worker Protection Standards
Regulations implemented to reduce the risk of pesticide poisoning and injury among agricultural workers and pesticide handlers.
Endangered Species Protection
One of FIFRA's aims is to protect endangered species from potential pesticide harm by considering the environmental impacts and habitats.
Experimental Use Permit (EUP)
Required whenever a pesticide is used in a way that has not yet been approved, allowing for controlled testing of pesticides under federal supervision.
Restricted Use Pesticides (RUPs)
A classification of pesticides that may only be applied by or under the direct supervision of a certified applicator due to their potential to cause harm.
Certified Applicator Requirement
Only individuals who are certified can apply RUPs, they must demonstrate the ability to use these pesticides safely and effectively.
Preemption of State Law
While states may regulate and add more restrictive state-specific requirements, they cannot have less stringent pesticide regulations than those set by FIFRA.
Pesticide Record Keeping
Applicators of RUPs must maintain records on use, including the amount, location, date, and target pests, to ensure proper tracking and safety compliance.
Tolerance Levels
Maximum residue limits established for pesticides on food, ensuring that exposure remains within levels deemed safe for human consumption.
Disposal and Container Management
Proper pesticide disposal methods and container management practices are required to prevent environmental contamination and protect public health.
Emergency Exemption
Under certain crisis conditions, EPA can grant exemptions for unregistered pesticides to be used if deemed necessary to avoid significant economic or environmental harm.
Protection of Water Quality
FIFRA regulations aim to prevent pesticide contamination of water resources through proper application techniques and the prohibition of certain practices.
Import and Export of Pesticides
Strict guidelines govern the import and export of pesticides to ensure that they meet U.S. standards and are properly labeled, regardless of their destination.
Pesticide Misuse Penalties
Violators of FIFRA can face significant penalties including fines, and/or imprisonment, aiming to deter misuse and ensure regulatory compliance.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
FIFRA supports the use of IPM practices, promoting safer, less disruptive methods of pest control that minimize the reliance on chemical pesticides.
Re-evaluation and Risk Assessment
EPA continuously re-evaluates pesticides to ensure that they meet current health and safety standards and conducts periodic risk assessments.
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