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Pollution Prevention Laws

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Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)

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Assessment and regulation of new chemical substances before they enter the market, Requirements to report, keep records, and test chemical substances, Authority for EPA to restrict substances posing an environmental or health risk.

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Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA)

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Regulation of ocean dumping, Establishment of marine sanctuaries, Conduct of marine research.

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Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA)

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Protection of migratory birds from environmentally harmful actions, Regulation of human activities that could disturb birds, Prohibition of the take, possession, or sale of migratory bird parts.

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Clean Air Act (CAA)

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Establishment of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), Limits on emissions of hazardous air pollutants, Requirements for state implementation plans (SIPs).

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Atomic Energy Act

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Regulation of nuclear materials and facilities, Promotion of nuclear power while ensuring public health and safety, Control and development of atomic energy.

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Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

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Registration requirements for pesticides, Standards for pesticide use and distribution, Provisions for safe disposal of pesticides.

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Clean Water Act (CWA)

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Standards for wastewater treatment, Prohibition of unauthorized discharges of pollutants into waters, Oil spill prevention and response plans.

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Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

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Requirements for hazardous waste management systems, Standards for solid waste disposal facilities, Regulations for underground storage tanks.

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Oil Pollution Act (OPA)

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Liability for damages resulting from oil spills, Creation of a trust fund financed by a tax on oil, Development of Area Contingency Plans.

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Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act

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Banning of lead-based paint in public housing, Requirement for HUD to establish procedures to eliminate lead-based paint hazards, Promotion of public awareness about lead-based paint poisoning.

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National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

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Requirement to prepare Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) for major federal actions, Integration of environmental values into decision-making processes, Inter-agency cooperation on environmental decisions.

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Energy Policy Act

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Promotion of energy efficiency and renewable energy, elimination of certain toxic chemicals from use, and management of energy resources.

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Antarctic Conservation Act

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Prohibition of mineral resource activities, Environmental impact assessment requirements for U.S. activities, Preservation of native flora and fauna.

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Endangered Species Act (ESA)

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Protection of species that are considered endangered or threatened, Preservation of critical habitats, Development of recovery plans for listed species.

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Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)

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Establishment of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs), Protection of drinking water sources, Monitoring of water suppliers to ensure safety.

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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)

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Creation of the National Priorities List (NPL), Liability provisions for parties responsible for hazardous substance releases, Establishment of the Superfund for cleanup of contaminated sites.

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Noise Control Act

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Establishment of federal noise emission standards, Coordination of federal research and activities in noise control, Provision of information to the public regarding the noise emission standards and effects of noise.

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Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA)

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Development and implementation of coastal zone management plans, Protection of natural resources in the coastal zone, Balancing of economic development with conservation efforts.

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Wilderness Act

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Preservation of certain areas as wilderness, Restriction of motor vehicles and other forms of mechanical transport, Maintenance of the wilderness character of designated areas.

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Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

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Establishment of workplace standards for exposure to toxic chemicals, Implementation of safety and health programs, Requirement of hazard communication to employees.

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