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Map Projections
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Mercator Projection
Cylindrical map projection, preserves angles and shapes for small areas, typically used in navigation maps.
Azimuthal Equidistant Projection
Preserves distances from the center, used for radio and seismic mapping, often centers on poles or a specific country.
Orthographic Projection
Azimuthal projection that depicts the earth as seen from space, used for hemispheric or polar maps.
Sinusoidal Projection
Equal-area projection that preserves area but distorts shape and direction, used for world maps and thematic mapping.
Albers Equal Area Projection
Conic, equal-area projection that preserves area, commonly used for thematic maps where area needs to be compared.
Mollweide Projection
Pseudocylindrical, equal-area projection used for world maps, balances the size and shape of land masses.
Hammer Projection
Equal-area, pseudocylindrical map projection, limits distortion of shapes and area, used for thematic and world maps.
Peirce Quincuncial Projection
Conformal map projection displaying the world in a square frame, results in minimal shape distortion, useful for compact visualizations.
Stereographic Projection
Conformal azimuthal projection that preserves angles and shapes for small areas, widely used in cartography and photography.
Winkel Tripel Projection
Compromise projection combining aspects of cylindrical and azimuthal projections, adopted by National Geographic for world maps.
Robinson Projection
Compromise projection, distorts shape, area, scale, and distance to create a more visually appealing map, often used for world maps.
Gall-Peters Projection
Cylindrical, equal-area projection, preserves area at the expense of shapes, often used for thematic maps.
Gnomonic Projection
Projects great circles as straight lines, useful for navigation and seismic maps, causes extreme distortion away from the center.
Plate Carrée Projection
Simplest form of the equirectangular projection, preserves neither area nor angle, often used for pixel-based raster data such as satellite imagery.
Goode's Homolosine Projection
Interrupted, equal-area projection that minimizes distortion for the continents, used for global maps that focus on land distribution.
Transverse Mercator Projection
Developed for regional maps, preserves shape and angle, used widely for mapping small areas and as the basis for the UTM system.
Equirectangular Projection
Simple cylindrical projection with equally spaced parallels, preserves true scale along the equator or a chosen parallel, used for thematic mapping.
Cassini Projection
Cylindrical, preserves distance along the central meridian, used for older topographic maps and cadastral surveys in the past.
Lambert Conformal Conic Projection
Conic projection, preserves shape over area, used for aeronautical charts and mapping large landmasses.
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
Worldwide map projection system using transverse Mercator projection, divides the world into 60 zones for detailed mapping.
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