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Spectral Signatures
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Flashcards
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Healthy Vegetation
High reflectance in near-infrared (NIR), Low reflectance in visible.
Stressed Vegetation
Lower reflectance in near-infrared (NIR) compared to healthy vegetation.
Dry or Bare Soil
Reflectance increases steadily with wavelength, lower in visible, higher in NIR.
Water Bodies
High absorbance, low reflectance with peak in the blue region.
Snow and Ice
High reflectance across visible and NIR, absorption bands due to ice particles.
Clouds
High reflectance across visible wavelengths, somewhat lower in the NIR.
Urban/Built-Up Areas
Mixed spectral response depending on materials, generally higher in visible and NIR.
Deciduous Forests
Reflectance pattern similar to healthy vegetation but with seasonal variations.
Coniferous Forests
Generally, higher reflectance in NIR and slight difference in visible compared to deciduous forests.
Sediments in Water
Increased reflectance in visible wavelengths, particularly in the green to red region.
Red Edge
Rapid change in reflectance from red to NIR wavelengths.
Chlorophyll Absorption
Low reflectance in the blue (450 nm) and red (680 nm) regions.
Burned Areas
Reduced NIR reflectance, increased reflectance in the mid-infrared (MIR), unique char peak.
Rock and Mineral Surfaces
Reflectance varies based on composition; diagnostic absorption features in the SWIR.
Atmospheric Effects
Absorption bands due to O2, H2O, CO2 and other gases; scattering affects shorter wavelengths.
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