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Anatomy of the Ear
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Oval Window
Transfers mechanical vibrations from the stapes to the fluid in the cochlea.
Malleus (Hammer)
Connects with the eardrum to transmit sounds to the incus.
Tectorial Membrane
Involved in the auditory transduction process by interacting with the hair cells of the Organ of Corti.
Eustachian Tube
Equalizes air pressure in the middle ear with the external atmosphere.
Basilar Membrane
It supports the Organ of Corti and vibrates in response to sound, allowing hair cells to transduce mechanical signals.
Vestibule
The central part of the bony labyrinth, involved in the sense of balance.
Perilymph
Fluid within the cochlea in two of its three compartments (scala vestibuli and scala tympani) that carries sound vibrations to the cochlear duct.
External Auditory Canal (Ear Canal)
Transmits sound from the pinna to the eardrum; contributes to the resonance of sound.
Cochlear Duct (Scala Media)
Part of the cochlea that contains the endolymph which the Organ of Corti sits in.
Helicotrema
A passage at the apex of the cochlea that connects the scala tympani and scala vestibuli allowing fluid to move between them.
Pinna (Auricle)
Funnel sounds into the ear canal and assists in sound localization.
Incus (Anvil)
Transfers vibrations from the malleus to the stapes.
Cochlea
Transduces mechanical sound vibrations into nerve impulses which are sent to the brain.
Semicircular Canals
Part of the vestibular system, important for balance and spatial orientation.
Endolymph
Fluid within the cochlea's scala media that plays a key role in the process of auditory transduction.
Organ of Corti
Contains hair cells that convert vibratory motion into electrical signals for the auditory nerve.
Auditory Nerve (Cochlear Nerve)
Carries auditory sensory information from the cochlea of the inner ear directly to the brain.
Tympanic Membrane (Eardrum)
Vibrates in response to sound waves; convert acoustic energy into mechanical energy.
Stapes (Stirrup)
Conveys vibrations from the incus to the oval window of the cochlea.
Round Window
Allows for the displacement of cochlear fluid caused by the movement of the oval window.
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