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The first segment of the renal tubule that reabsorbs nutrients, water, and electrolytes from filtered urine.

Outer part of the kidney, contains nephrons for filtration.

A structure in each nephron that regulates renal blood flow and filtration pressure.

Part of the renal tubule between the Loop of Henle and the Collecting Duct, conducts further salt and water reabsorption and secretion.

Specialized cells in the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus that secrete renin in response to low blood pressure.

A cup-like sac at the beginning of the renal tubule that encases the glomerulus.

The capillary network that serves the loop of Henle, crucial for countercurrent exchange system that concentrates urine.

Tubes that transport urine from kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Functional filtration units of the kidneys, each kidney contains about 1 million nephrons.

Tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Funnel-shaped structure that collects urine from the renal pyramids and transfers it to the ureters.

Inner part of the kidney, contains the renal pyramids where urine is collected.

A network of capillaries located at the beginning of a nephron that filters blood plasma.

Cup-shaped structures that funnel urine from the renal pyramids into the renal pelvis.

A U-shaped tube that extends from the PCT to the DCT, crucial for the concentration of urine.

The final passage of the renal tubule that conducts urine through the renal medulla to the renal pelvis.

Tiny blood vessels that travel alongside nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron.

A blood vessel that carries filtered blood away from the kidneys and back to the heart.

A hollow muscular organ that stores urine before it is excreted.

A blood vessel that supplies the kidneys with blood from the aorta.

The connective tissue covering the kidney, provides protection and maintains kidney shape.

The apices of the renal pyramids, which release urine into the minor calyces.

The entry and exit site for structures servicing the kidneys (vessels, nerves, ureter).

Primary organs of the urinary system, filter blood to form urine, and regulate electrolyte balance.