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Anatomy of the Eye
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Aqueous Humor
Provides nutrients to the lens and cornea, maintains intraocular pressure.
Cornea
Refracts light to help focus it on the retina.
Cones
Photoreceptors responsible for color vision and central, high-resolution vision.
Tear Film
Keeps the surface of the eye moist and free from dust, provides nutrients, and aids in light refraction.
Extraocular Muscles
Control the movement of the eye and direction of gaze.
Ciliary Body
Changes the shape of the lens for focusing, produces aqueous humor.
Lens
Further refracts light to focus it on the retina; can change shape to adjust focus (accommodation).
Optic Nerve
Transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.
Macula
Responsible for central, high-resolution, color vision.
Vitreous Humor
Gel-like substance filling the space between the lens and the retina, helping maintain eye shape.
Tapetum Lucidum
Reflective layer behind the retina that aids in night vision; not present in humans.
Fovea
The central focal point in the retina, packed with the highest density of cones for sharp vision.
Iris
Muscle that adjusts the size of the pupil.
Optic Disc
Where the optic nerve exits the eye; creates a natural blind spot since it lacks photoreceptors.
Pupil
Controls the amount of light entering the eye.
Sclera
Provides protection and form to the eye; known as the 'white of the eye'.
Retina
Contains photoreceptor cells that detect light and convert it into electrical signals.
Rods
Photoreceptors responsible for vision at low light levels.
Choroid
Provides oxygen and nutrients to the retina; contains blood vessels.
Zonular Fibers
Suspend the lens and transmit forces from the ciliary muscles to change the lens shape during accommodation.
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