Explore tens of thousands of sets crafted by our community.
Antibiotic Classes and Spectrums
25
Flashcards
0/25
Nitroimidazoles
Narrow spectrum; primarily against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Example: Metronidazole.
Cyclic Lipopeptides
Narrow spectrum; only for gram-positive bacteria, including multi-resistant strains. Example: Daptomycin.
Diarylquinolines
Narrow spectrum; particularly active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Example: Bedaquiline.
Macrolides
Broad spectrum; effective mainly against gram-positive cocci and some gram-negative bacteria. Example: Azithromycin.
Polymyxins
Narrow spectrum; effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Example: Colistin (polymyxin E).
Glycylcyclines
Broad spectrum; similar to tetracyclines but more effective against resistant bacteria. Example: Tigecycline.
Aminoglycosides
Narrow spectrum; primarily effective against aerobic gram-negative bacteria. Example: Gentamicin.
Pleuromutilins
Narrow spectrum; mainly against gram-positive skin pathogens. Example: Retapamulin.
Sulfonamides
Broad spectrum; used in combination with trimethoprim to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Example: Sulfamethoxazole.
Oxazolidinones
Narrow spectrum; effective against multi-resistant gram-positive bacteria. Example: Linezolid.
Quinolones
Broad spectrum; effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria but have serious side effects. Example: Nalidixic acid.
Lipoglycopeptides
Narrow spectrum; similar to vancomycin but with improved action against MRSA. Example: Telavancin.
Monobactams
Narrow spectrum; effective mainly against aerobic gram-negative bacteria. Example: Aztreonam.
Cephamycins
Broad spectrum; similar to cephalosporins but more effective against anaerobic bacteria. Example: Cefoxitin.
Lincosamides
Narrow spectrum; used mainly for anaerobic infections and some gram-positive cocci. Example: Clindamycin.
Carbapenems
Very broad spectrum; resistant to beta-lactamase and effective against a wide range of bacteria. Example: Meropenem.
Oxazolidinones
Broad spectrum; particularly MRSA and VRE. Example: Linezolid.
Ansamycins
Narrow spectrum; used specifically against mycobacteria, including tuberculosis. Example: Rifampin.
Streptogramins
Narrow spectrum; effective against gram-positive bacteria, including those resistant to other antibiotics. Example: Quinupristin/Dalfopristin.
Cephalosporins
Broad spectrum with several generations; effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Example: Ceftriaxone.
Penicillins
Broad spectrum; work against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria. Example: Amoxicillin.
Tetracyclines
Broad spectrum; effective against a wide variety of bacteria, including some protozoa. Example: Doxycycline.
Fluoroquinolones
Broad spectrum; effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Example: Ciprofloxacin.
Beta-lactamase Inhibitors
Used in combination with penicillins to extend their spectrum of activity against beta-lactamase producing bacteria. Example: Clavulanic acid.
Glycopeptides
Narrow spectrum; used primarily against gram-positive cocci, especially MRSA. Example: Vancomycin.
© Hypatia.Tech. 2024 All rights reserved.