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Help in the removal of waste and toxins from the skin, also involved in immune responses.

Provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone.

Participate in immune response against pathogens entering through the skin.

Respond to deep pressure and vibration.

Secrete sebum to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair.

Cause hair to stand erect (goosebumps) in response to cold or fear, which historically increased insulation.

Enable the sensation of light touch and texture differentiation.

Function as touch receptors, called mechanoreceptors, in the skin.

Play a key role in the inflammatory response and can cause allergy symptoms.

Supports and nourishes the epidermis, contains blood vessels, hair follicles, and sweat glands.

Allow for the sensations of touch, pain, and temperature; sends signals to and from the brain.

Produce the protein keratin, which waterproofs and protects the cells and tissues underneath.

UV rays convert 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin D3, and then to vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). Important for calcium regulation and bone health.

Produce collagen and elastin fibers, contributing to the structure and elasticity of the skin.

Control body temperature by releasing sweat through pores to cool the body.

Assist in thermoregulation and waste excretion through perspiration.

Protect the distal phalanx, the fingertip, and the surrounding soft tissues from injuries.

Provide nutrients and oxygen to the skin; crucial for thermoregulation.

Detect skin stretch and contribute to the kinesthetic sense of and control of finger position and movement.

Found in the axillae, groin, and areolar regions; secrete a thicker sweat and can cause body odor.

Provides thermal insulation, protects against UV rays, and enhances sensation.

Stores fat, anchors the skin, and provides insulation.

Produce melanin, which protects against UV radiation and gives skin its color.

Store energy as fat, provide insulation, and act as padding to absorb shock.