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Causes: Excess iron deposits in the skin, often due to a genetic condition. Symptoms: Bronze or gray skin coloration, diabetes symptoms, liver disease. Treatment options: Phlebotomy, chelation therapy, dietary changes.

Causes: Genetic predisposition and sun exposure. Symptoms: Small, brownish spots on the skin, often more pronounced with sun exposure. Treatment options: Sunscreen, laser treatment, cryotherapy.

Causes: Chronic sun exposure. Symptoms: Brown, tan, or black spots on sun-exposed skin. Treatment options: Cryotherapy, chemical peels, laser treatments, and topical bleaching agents.

Causes: Insulin resistance, obesity, or endocrine disorders. Symptoms: Thickened, dark velvety patches in body folds. Treatment options: Addressing underlying conditions, weight loss, topical retinoids, laser therapy.

Causes: Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes. Symptoms: White patches of skin with irregular borders. Treatment options: Topical steroids, phototherapy, skin camouflage, and sometimes depigmentation of remaining skin areas.

Causes: Unknown, possibly related to eczema. Symptoms: Light-colored patches, often with mild scaling, typically on the face, neck, upper trunk, and arms of children. Treatment options: Usually self-limiting, moisturizers, topical steroids.

Causes: Hormonal changes often due to pregnancy or birth control, and sun exposure. Symptoms: Brownish patches on the face. Treatment options: Sun protection, topical bleaching agents, chemical peels, and laser therapy.

Causes: Skin injury or inflammation (acne, eczema). Symptoms: Darkened areas on the skin after the injury has healed. Treatment options: Topical lightening agents, chemical peels, laser treatments.

Causes: Concentration of melanocytes. Symptoms: Blue-gray patches, often on the sacral area of infants. Treatment options: Most spots fade without treatment by school age, otherwise laser therapy.