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A severe reduction in emotional expressiveness, often related to schizophrenia or depression.

The manifestation of psychological distress through physical symptoms, can be seen in somatic symptom disorder or in reaction to extreme stress.

Cognitive distortion involving the exaggeration of problems and the likelihood of disastrous outcomes, associated with anxiety and depression.

Rapid and exaggerated changes in mood, where emotional responses are poor or not appropriate, often associated with various neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Tendency to speak about topics unrelated to the main subject of discussion, associated with conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Symptoms that involve the absence of normal behaviors found in healthy individuals. Examples include flat affect, alogia, and avolition, primarily seen in schizophrenia.

Significant reduction of the intensity of emotional expression, seen in schizophrenia and mood disorders.

Poverty of speech, which may include a lack of content or quantity of speech, can be a negative symptom of schizophrenia.

Preoccupation with an imagined or minor defect in appearance that causes significant distress or impairment, classified as an obsessive-compulsive related disorder.

Condition in which a person suffers from a perceived lack of control over the situation and thus gives up trying, associated with depression.

Difficulty in identifying, describing, and working with one's own feelings, often seen in autism spectrum disorders and PTSD.

Feeling of disconnection or estrangement from the surrounding world, typical in depersonalization-derealization disorder.

Abnormally increased appetite for food frequently associated with injury or disease of the hypothalamus, can also occur in mood disorders.

Excessive sleepiness, associated with various psychiatric disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, and narcolepsy.

Inability to recall important personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, central to dissociative amnesia and related to acute stress disorder.

Perceptions in the absence of external stimuli, found in disorders like schizophrenia, delirium, or severe substance abuse.

Fear of being in situations where escape might be difficult, often associated with panic disorder.

Repetitive behaviors driven to perform in response to an obsession, typical for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Excessive motor activity associated with a feeling of inner tension, typically seen in manic episodes and sometimes in major depressive disorder.

Belief that thoughts not one's own are being inserted into one's mind, commonly associated with psychotic disorders like schizophrenia.

Feelings of detachment or estrangement from one's own self, a central symptom in depersonalization-derealization disorder.

Abnormality of movement and behavior arising from a disturbed mental state, can occur in schizophrenia or severe mood disorders.

Lack of insight or awareness about one's own illness, often found in patients with schizophrenia or after strokes affecting the brain's right hemisphere.

Creation of new words or phrases which make sense to the individual but not to others, typically found in thought disorders like schizophrenia.

Discontinuity and lack of integration of consciousness, memory, identity, and other functions, seen in disorders like dissociative identity disorder.

Continuation of a particular response despite the absence or cessation of a stimulus, commonly found in disorders such as autism, OCD, and schizophrenia.

Belief that one's thoughts, words, or actions can influence events in a way that defies the laws of cause and effect, seen in obsessive-compulsive disorder and psychosis.

The practice of steering clear of feared stimuli or situations, commonly seen in anxiety disorders, including specific phobias and social anxiety disorder.

Neurological symptoms, such as paralysis or blindness, that cannot be explained by medical evaluation, occurring due to psychological factors.

Inability to feel pleasure in normally pleasurable activities, associated with major depressive disorder and schizophrenia.

Strong beliefs held despite clear contradictory evidence, characteristic of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia.

An increased state of sensory sensitivity accompanied by an exaggerated intensity of behaviors, often associated with PTSD and anxiety disorders.

Speech that is indirect and delayed in reaching its point because of unnecessary details, often seen in people with schizophrenia or dementia.

Automatic and involuntary repetition of words or phrases just spoken by others, often observed in autism spectrum disorder and Tourette syndrome.

Irrational feelings of being persecuted or plotted against, typical of paranoid schizophrenia and delusional disorder.

Reduction in the motivation to initiate and perform self-directed purposeful activities, often a negative symptom associated with schizophrenia.

Physical symptoms that are thought to be caused, or exacerbated by, mental factors like stress and anxiety, common in somatic symptom disorder.

Exaggerated sense of one's importance, power, knowledge, or identity, often found in bipolar disorder during manic episodes or in narcissistic personality disorder.