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Live Sound Reinforcement

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Snake

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A Snake is a multi-channel cable that combines several audio cables into one, typically used to connect the stage's outputs to the mixing console.

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FFT Analysis

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Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Analysis is a method used to analyze the frequency content of an audio signal, often used to identify problem frequencies and room modes.

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Mic Pattern

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Mic Pattern, or Polar Pattern, refers to the shape of the area in which a microphone will be most sensitive to sound, common patterns include cardioid, supercardioid, and omnidirectional.

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SPL Meter

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Sound Pressure Level (SPL) Meter is a device used to measure the loudness of the sound in decibels (dB) and ensure that levels are appropriate and safe.

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Ambience Mics

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Ambience Mics are microphones placed in a live setting to capture the natural reverb and audience reaction, which are then blended into the live mix for a fuller sound.

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Feedback

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Feedback is the high-pitched squeal caused by sound looping from the output (speakers) back into the input (microphones), usually due to frequencies being amplified in a loop.

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Gain Structure

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Gain Structure is the process of setting the input gain levels of audio signals to ensure optimal dynamic range and signal-to-noise ratio throughout the audio system.

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Stage Plot

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A Stage Plot is a diagram that illustrates the layout of the band's equipment on stage, including positions of musicians, instruments, monitors, and microphones.

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In-Ear Monitoring

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In-Ear Monitoring (IEM) systems consist of earpiece monitors that provide musicians with a personal mix, allowing for better control over what they hear on stage.

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DI Box

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Direct Injection (DI) Box is a device used to connect high impedance, line-level sources like guitars or keyboards directly to the mixer without the need for a microphone.

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Sound Check

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Sound Check is the process of testing and adjusting the audio system and individual instrument/vocal levels before a live performance to ensure good sound quality.

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Frequency Response

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Frequency Response is the range of frequencies that a microphone, speaker, or audio device can reproduce accurately, usually stated as a range (e.g., 20Hz - 20kHz).

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Aux Send

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Aux Send is a control on a mixing console that sends a variable level of the signal from each channel to auxiliary equipment like effects processors or monitor mixes.

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Subgroup

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A Subgroup is a separate mix of several audio channels on a mixing console, allowing for collective control over the levels and processing of those channels as a single group.

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Dynamic Range

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Dynamic Range is the difference in dB between the quietest and loudest sound that a sound system or audio device can produce without distortion.

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FOH Console

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FOH (Front of House) Console is the mixing board located in the audience area to control audio levels, effects, and overall mix for live performances.

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Crossover

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Crossover is an electronic device or circuit that divides a full-spectrum audio signal into separate frequency bands that are then sent to different speaker components or amplifiers.

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Monitor Mix

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Monitor Mix refers to the individual mix of instruments and vocals sent to stage monitors or in-ear systems for the performers to hear themselves.

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Phantom Power

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Phantom Power is a DC voltage (usually +48V) sent through microphone cables to power condenser microphones or active DI boxes.

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Compression

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Compression is a dynamic range control effect that reduces the volume of loud sounds or amplifies quiet sounds, ensuring a more consistent level in the audio mix.

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