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Live Sound Reinforcement
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Snake
A Snake is a multi-channel cable that combines several audio cables into one, typically used to connect the stage's outputs to the mixing console.
FFT Analysis
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Analysis is a method used to analyze the frequency content of an audio signal, often used to identify problem frequencies and room modes.
Mic Pattern
Mic Pattern, or Polar Pattern, refers to the shape of the area in which a microphone will be most sensitive to sound, common patterns include cardioid, supercardioid, and omnidirectional.
SPL Meter
Sound Pressure Level (SPL) Meter is a device used to measure the loudness of the sound in decibels (dB) and ensure that levels are appropriate and safe.
Ambience Mics
Ambience Mics are microphones placed in a live setting to capture the natural reverb and audience reaction, which are then blended into the live mix for a fuller sound.
Feedback
Feedback is the high-pitched squeal caused by sound looping from the output (speakers) back into the input (microphones), usually due to frequencies being amplified in a loop.
Gain Structure
Gain Structure is the process of setting the input gain levels of audio signals to ensure optimal dynamic range and signal-to-noise ratio throughout the audio system.
Stage Plot
A Stage Plot is a diagram that illustrates the layout of the band's equipment on stage, including positions of musicians, instruments, monitors, and microphones.
In-Ear Monitoring
In-Ear Monitoring (IEM) systems consist of earpiece monitors that provide musicians with a personal mix, allowing for better control over what they hear on stage.
DI Box
Direct Injection (DI) Box is a device used to connect high impedance, line-level sources like guitars or keyboards directly to the mixer without the need for a microphone.
Sound Check
Sound Check is the process of testing and adjusting the audio system and individual instrument/vocal levels before a live performance to ensure good sound quality.
Frequency Response
Frequency Response is the range of frequencies that a microphone, speaker, or audio device can reproduce accurately, usually stated as a range (e.g., 20Hz - 20kHz).
Aux Send
Aux Send is a control on a mixing console that sends a variable level of the signal from each channel to auxiliary equipment like effects processors or monitor mixes.
Subgroup
A Subgroup is a separate mix of several audio channels on a mixing console, allowing for collective control over the levels and processing of those channels as a single group.
Dynamic Range
Dynamic Range is the difference in dB between the quietest and loudest sound that a sound system or audio device can produce without distortion.
FOH Console
FOH (Front of House) Console is the mixing board located in the audience area to control audio levels, effects, and overall mix for live performances.
Crossover
Crossover is an electronic device or circuit that divides a full-spectrum audio signal into separate frequency bands that are then sent to different speaker components or amplifiers.
Monitor Mix
Monitor Mix refers to the individual mix of instruments and vocals sent to stage monitors or in-ear systems for the performers to hear themselves.
Phantom Power
Phantom Power is a DC voltage (usually +48V) sent through microphone cables to power condenser microphones or active DI boxes.
Compression
Compression is a dynamic range control effect that reduces the volume of loud sounds or amplifies quiet sounds, ensuring a more consistent level in the audio mix.
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