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Microphone Types and Patterns

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Omnidirectional Polar Pattern

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Picks up sound from all directions, no proximity effect, used for natural sound recording and in lavalier mics.

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Multi-Pattern Microphone

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Offers selectable polar patterns, versatile for various recording situations, utilized in studio environments.

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Cardioid Polar Pattern

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Unidirectional, rejects sound from the back, prone to proximity effect, good for isolating sources.

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Bass Microphone

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Specifically tailored for low frequencies, ideal for kick drums and bass guitar cabinets.

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Lavalier Microphone

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Small, clip-on, used for television, theater, and public speaking, provides unobtrusive miking.

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Dynamic Microphone

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Robust, handles high SPLs, less sensitive and detailed, good for live vocals and instruments.

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Figure-8 Polar Pattern

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Bidirectional, picks up from front and back, rejects sides, useful for duet vocals or cross-miking.

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Hypercardioid Polar Pattern

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Even tighter front pickup than supercardioid, more rear pickup, good for high isolation and stage use.

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Condenser Microphone

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Sensitive, detailed, requires phantom power, ideal for studio vocals and acoustic instruments.

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USB Microphone

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Direct digital connection to computers, used for podcasting and home recording, convenient but less professional quality.

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Tube Microphone

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Contains vacuum tubes, provides warm vintage sound, used in high-end studio recordings for vocals and acoustic instruments.

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Ribbon Microphone

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Delicate, warm sound, bidirectional, good for miking electric guitar amps and brass instruments.

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Shotgun Microphone

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Highly directional, used to capture sound from a distance, ideal for film and field recording.

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Supercardioid Polar Pattern

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Tighter front pickup than cardioid, some rear pickup, less susceptible to feedback, used for noisy environments.

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Boundary Microphone

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Placed on surfaces, captures sound in a hemispherical pattern, used for theater and conference rooms.

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