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Civil Rights Movements

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Chicano Movement

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1960s-70s Latino civil rights movement, focusing on restoration of land grants, farm workers' rights, and enhancing education. Key figures include Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta. Outcomes increased awareness and political participation among Mexican Americans.

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American Disability Rights Movement

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Movement to secure equal opportunities and rights for people with disabilities. Key figures include Ed Roberts and Judith Heumann. Outcomes include the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.

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Civil Rights Movement in the USA

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Mid-20th century movement to end racial segregation and discrimination against African-Americans. Key figures include Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X. Outcomes include the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

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LGBTQ+ Rights Movement

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Struggle for the rights and social acceptance of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer people. Key events include the Stonewall Riots. Outcomes include increased legal recognition and anti-discrimination protections.

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Anti-Nuclear Movement

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International social movement against the use of nuclear technologies, particularly nuclear weapons and also nuclear power. Key outcomes include the establishment of nuclear-weapon-free zones and nuclear safety measures.

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Apartheid Resistance

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Struggle against apartheid system in South Africa that legally enforced racial discrimination. Key figures Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu. Outcomes include the end of apartheid and establishment of majority rule.

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Black Lives Matter

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International movement originated within the African-American community, campaigning against violence and systemic racism towards black people. Key outcomes include raising awareness and promoting police reform.

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Women's Suffrage

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Movement aimed at granting women the right to vote. Key figures include Susan B. Anthony and Emmeline Pankhurst. Outcomes include the 19th Amendment in the USA and women's suffrage in other parts of the world.

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Environmental Movement

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Political and ethical movement focused on the preservation, restoration, or improvement of the natural environment. Key outcomes include the creation of Earth Day and important environmental legislation.

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Indian Independence Movement

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Series of activities aiming at ending British rule in India. Key figures include Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. Outcomes include the Independence of India in 1947 and the partition from Pakistan.

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Occupy Movement

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International progressive socio-political movement that expresses opposition to social and economic inequality and to the lack of 'real democracy' around the world. Outcomes include bringing economic inequality into the spotlight.

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Tea Party Movement

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American fiscally-conservative movement within the Republican Party. The movement supports small government and opposes government-sponsored universal healthcare. Outcomes include influencing Republican primaries and policy.

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Free Speech Movement

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Student movement which took place during the 1964-1965 academic year on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley under the informal leadership of student Mario Savio. Outcomes include reforms in university free speech policies.

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Me Too Movement

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Movement against sexual harassment and assault. It began to spread virally as a hashtag on social media in October 2017. Outcomes include public conversations about sexual misconduct and changes in individual and company policies.

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Antiwar Movement

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Social movement, typically in opposition to particular government's decision to start or carry on an armed conflict. Key periods include the protest against the Vietnam War. Outcomes include changes in public opinion and policy.

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Animal Rights Movement

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Movement intending to protect animals from being used or regarded as property by humans. Key outcomes include stronger animal protection laws and the growth of veganism and vegetarianism.

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Fair Trade Movement

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Social movement whose stated goal is to help producers in developing countries achieve better trading conditions and to promote sustainable farming. Outcomes include the spread of fair trade certified products.

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Arab Spring

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Series of anti-government protests, uprisings, and armed rebellions spread across the Arab world in the early 2010s. Outcomes include governmental changes in some countries but instability and civil war in others.

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