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A socio-political satire proposing an ideal society with communal ownership and no private property. Its portrayal of a perfect society has influenced various political ideologies and debates about societal structure and governance.

A Socratic dialogue concerning the definition of justice and the order and character of the just city-state and the just man. It introduces the concept of philosopher kings and the idea of the city-soul analogy, outlining an early version of a utopian society.

A book that argues for a social contract and rule by an absolute sovereign. Hobbes describes the natural state of mankind as 'nasty, brutish, and short' and justifies the need for an all-powerful sovereign to maintain peace and order.

A dystopian novel that anticipates huge scientific advancements in reproductive technology and sleep-learning, leading to a society where human beings are manufactured for specific roles. This novel has sparked discussion on the ethics of biotechnology and the cost of state-controlled happiness.

A dystopian novel about a totalitarian government characterized by surveillance, misinformation, and propaganda. It introduced concepts such as Big Brother and Thoughtcrime, influencing discussions on privacy, freedom, and governmental power.

A work advancing the idea of a direct democracy influenced by the general will. Rousseau discusses how individuals might establish communities respecting freedom and equality. The concept of the 'noble savage' is also a key element from his other works.

A novel describing a fictional utopian community that practices behavioral engineering based on Skinner's principles of operant conditioning. The book has influenced educational practices and discussions on human behavior modification and psychology.

A dystopian novel set in a future America where a theocratic dictatorship suppresses women's rights, using them as child-bearing vessels. It invokes themes of power, gender, and individual autonomy and has influenced feminist political thought.

A political treatise describing various methods that a prince can use to acquire and maintain political power. It is often associated with the notion of ends justifying the means and has influenced the field of political ethics and realpolitik.

An extensive critique of capitalism and its dynamics, proposing a theoretical foundation for communism. It has been pivotal in the development of Marxist theory and has deeply influenced socialist thought and the critique of political economy.

A political manifesto calling for the proletariat's uprising against the bourgeoisie, advocating for a classless society and the abolition of private property. It has been a driving force behind socialist movements and revolutions.

A libertarian response to John Rawls' 'A Theory of Justice,' advocating for a minimal state and critiquing distributive justice. Nozick's work reignited debates on libertarianism, the role of the state, and individual rights.

A philosophical work in which Rawls proposes his theory of justice as fairness, utilizing the original position thought experiment and the veil of ignorance. It has significantly contributed to contemporary liberal political philosophy.