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Intrinsic motivation refers to engaging in behavior because it is personally rewarding. In sports, this helps athletes to push themselves in training and enjoy the process without relying solely on external rewards.

Extrinsic motivation involves performing an activity to earn a reward or avoid punishment. Coaches can use this to encourage athletes by setting up rewards systems for achieving performance benchmarks.

Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations. In sports, it can predict an athlete’s perseverance and success by influencing their confidence in performing specific tasks.

Goal setting in sports psychology involves establishing specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound objectives to improve performance. It focuses athletes and provides clear benchmarks for success.

Arousal regulation entails managing the athlete's level of alertness and physical and mental activation. Techniques such as breathing exercises can help athletes reach an optimal arousal level for best performance.

Imagery involves visualizing performing a task successfully to improve the ability to perform the task in reality. Athletes use this technique to enhance their technique and mental approach to their sport.

Concentration in sports psychology refers to the ability to maintain focus on relevant cues and avoid distractions. Techniques such as cue words can help athletes maintain focus during high-pressure situations.

Mental toughness is the ability to consistently perform towards the upper range of your talent and skill regardless of competitive circumstances. Coaches develop this in athletes to help them handle pressure and adversity.

Stress management involves techniques to reduce stress and anxiety, which can affect athletic performance. Techniques like progressive muscle relaxation can help athletes improve their performance by managing stress effectively.

Team cohesion is the degree to which team members work together to achieve common goals. Coaches foster this through team-building exercises and effective communication strategies to improve overall team performance.

Performance routines are pre-planned strategies used by athletes to achieve a consistent and focused performance state. These routines can include pre-game rituals or warm-up procedures that prepare athletes mentally and physically.

Burnout in sports is a psychological, emotional, and physical withdrawal from a previously enjoyable activity due to chronic stress. Coaches prevent this by ensuring appropriate rest and recovery periods for athletes.

Resilience in sports is the ability to recover from setbacks, adapt to change, and keep going in the face of adversity. Coaches can develop resilience in athletes by exposing them to challenging yet manageable situations.

Attribution theory in sports psychology examines how athletes interpret and understand their successes and failures. Coaches can use this theory to help athletes form constructive attributions that promote confidence and a growth mindset.

Aggression in sports can refer to purposeful behavior aimed at harming or injuring another player. It can be problematic, but when appropriately channeled, it can also reflect a high level of assertiveness and competitiveness.

Group dynamics in sports involve the attitudes, behaviors, and processes that occur within a team. Understanding group dynamics can help coaches develop strategies that create positive team environments and improve performance.

The flow state is a mental state of operation in which a person performing an activity is fully immersed in a feeling of energized focus and enjoyment in the process. In sports, achieving flow can lead to peak performance levels.

Leadership skills in sports psychology refer to a coach or player's ability to influence and direct the performance and attitudes of the team. Effective leadership is essential for successful team dynamics and performance outcomes.

Cognitive anxiety is the mental component of anxiety, involving worries and negative expectations about one’s performance. Techniques such as cognitive restructuring can help athletes manage this type of anxiety.